Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar
➡️ F22 | UNS K21590 | EN 1.7380
➡️ ASTM, EN, JIS & International Standards
➡️ Supply Conditions
➡️ Multiple Diameters & Supply Lengths
➡️ Global Export & International Delivery
Country of Origin:
Europe, Japan, USA
Material Type:
Alloy Steel
UNS Number:
K21590
Wr. No.:
1.7380
MTC Available:
EN 10204 3.1
Product Description for Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar
F22 is the ASTM A182 grade designation for a 2.25% chromium, 1% molybdenum low-alloy steel, UNS K21590. Bar is delivered against ASTM A182 / A182M with dimensions to ASTM A29 / A29M. The same alloy is P22 in ASTM A335 pipe and Grade 22 in ASTM A387 plate.
This is the backbone material of hydroprocessing and high-temperature refinery construction. The 2.00-2.50% chromium and 0.87-1.13% molybdenum combination gives good creep strength to around 600 C together with strong resistance to high-temperature hydrogen attack, which is why reactor vessels and hot hydrogen piping are built from it.
ASTM A182 defines F22 in Classes 1 and 3. Class 1 is the softer annealed condition at 415 MPa minimum tensile with hardness capped at 170 HBW. Class 3 is normalised and tempered at 515 MPa minimum tensile with a 156-207 HBW range.
Temper embrittlement is the defining concern with this alloy. Long exposure between roughly 340 C and 590 C causes phosphorus and other tramp elements to segregate to grain boundaries, raising the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature over years of service. Reactor work therefore controls residuals through the J-factor rather than relying on the standard limits alone.
The usual range is 10 mm to 300 mm. The steel is ferromagnetic and is not stainless.
Suitability for hydrogen service is judged against the Nelson curves in API 941 for the actual temperature and hydrogen partial pressure, not from the composition alone.
Typical work is hydroprocessing reactor internals, hot hydrogen piping hardware, valve and flange stock, and heater components.
Common Applications of Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar
➡️ Machined shafts, spindles, valve stems, pump sleeves and pins for food, beverage, dairy and pharmaceutical equipment, where the passive chromium oxide film resists both product acids and caustic clean-in-place chemicals.
➡️ Fasteners, studs, bolts, threaded rod and anchor components produced from bar stock, chosen for corrosion resistance combined with the ductility needed for cold heading and thread rolling.
➡️ Chemical, water treatment and general process plant parts such as agitator shafts, flange blanks, nozzles and support components handling water, steam and mildly corrosive media free of significant chlorides.
➡️ Architectural and structural hardware including handrail stanchions, balustrade fittings, tension rods and bollards, where a bright ground or polished bar finish provides both appearance and low maintenance.
International Equivalent Grade for Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar
Standard
Country / Region
Grade
ASTM A182 / A182M
USA
Grade F22 Classes 1 and 3 (UNS K21590)
ASTM A335 / A335M
USA
Grade P22 (seamless pipe)
ASTM A387 / A387M
USA
Grade 22 (plate)
EN 10216-2
Europe / EU
10CrMo9-10 (1.7380)
DIN 17175
Europe / EU
1.7380 (10CrMo9-10)
Technical Specification for Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar
Specification
Value
Unit
Material
Alloy steel
-
Grade
F22 / UNS K21590 / 1.7380
-
Product Form
Round bar / rod
-
Standard
ASTM A182 / A182M Grade F22, Classes 1 and 3
-
Diameter
10 - 300 (typical supply range)
mm
Length
3 - 6 (random), or cut to length
m
Manufacturing Process
Hot rolled or forged, annealed or normalised and tempered
-
Production Route
EAF or BOF with ladle refining, vacuum degassing where residuals are controlled
-
Surface Finish
Hot-rolled, rough-turned, peeled, smooth-turned, centreless ground
-
Heat Treatment / Delivery Condition
Class 1 annealed, Class 3 normalised and tempered at 677 C minimum
-
Tolerance Standard
ASTM A29 / A29M
-
Density
7.80 (typical)
g/cm3
Melting Range
1425 - 1510 (typical)
C
Thermal Conductivity at 100 C
36.0 (typical)
W/m.K
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (20-100 C)
12.4 (typical)
um/m.C
Specific Heat (0-100 C)
460 (typical)
J/kg.K
Electrical Resistivity at 20 C
0.22 (typical)
uOhm.m
Modulus of Elasticity at 20 C
205 (typical)
GPa
Magnetic Properties
Ferromagnetic in all conditions
-
Maximum Service Temperature
600 (typical, continuous)
C
Testing / Inspection Standard
ASTM A370 for mechanical testing, API 941 for hydrogen attack assessment
-
Certification / Inspection Documents
EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 mill test certificate, J-factor reporting on request
-
Technical Specifications
Get the key technical specifications for Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar
Material is ordered to ASTM A182 / A182M as Grade F22, with dimensional requirements from ASTM A29 / A29M. Class 1 is supplied annealed with hardness capped at 170 HBW. Class 3 is normalised and tempered at 677 C minimum, giving 515 MPa minimum tensile with a 156-207 HBW range. Composition is identical for both, so the class must be stated on the order.
Two service issues dominate this grade and neither is visible in the standard mechanical results.
The first is high-temperature hydrogen attack. At elevated temperature and hydrogen partial pressure, atomic hydrogen reacts with carbides inside the steel to form methane, which cannot diffuse out and creates internal fissures. Suitability is assessed against the Nelson curves in API 941 for the actual temperature and hydrogen partial pressure, not from the composition.
The second is temper embrittlement. Long exposure between roughly 340 C and 590 C drives phosphorus, tin, antimony and arsenic to grain boundaries, raising the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature over years. Reactor specifications therefore limit the J-factor, calculated from silicon, manganese, phosphorus and tin, typically to 100 or 150, well below what the standard chemistry limits alone would allow.
Welding needs preheat of roughly 200-300 C with mandatory post-weld heat treatment. Step cooling tests are commonly specified for reactor-grade material.
Chemical Composition for Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar
Element
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
Carbon
C
0.05
0.15
%
Manganese
Mn
0.30
0.60
%
Silicon
Si
-
0.50
%
Phosphorus
P
-
0.040
%
Sulfur
S
-
0.040
%
Chromium
Cr
2.00
2.50
%
Molybdenum
Mo
0.87
1.13
%
Iron
Fe
Balance
-
%
Chemical Composition
View the chemical composition and applicable material limits for Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar
Chromium at 2.00-2.50% and molybdenum at 0.87-1.13% together produce the property that defines this grade: resistance to high-temperature hydrogen attack. Both are strong carbide formers, and the stable chromium and molybdenum carbides they create are far less readily reduced by atomic hydrogen than the iron carbides in plain carbon steel. That is what allows F22 to serve in hot hydrogen environments where leaner steels fissure internally.
The same carbides carry the creep strength, which is why the grade holds useful load-bearing capability to around 600 C.
Carbon is specified as a 0.05-0.15% range. The floor is needed for carbide formation, though carbon is deliberately kept modest, since more carbon means more carbide available to react with hydrogen.
Silicon is capped at 0.50% and manganese held to 0.30-0.60%. Both appear in the J-factor calculation used to assess temper embrittlement susceptibility, which is why reactor specifications often demand values well below these limits.
Phosphorus and sulphur are each permitted to 0.040% by the standard, but that is rarely the operative limit in practice. Phosphorus is the principal driver of temper embrittlement, and reactor-grade material is normally bought to far tighter residual controls covering tin, antimony and arsenic as well.
Mechanical Properties for Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar
Mechanical Property
Value
Unit
Tensile Strength, Class 1
415
MPa (minimum)
Tensile Strength, Class 3
515
MPa (minimum)
Yield Strength 0.2% Proof, Class 1
205
MPa (minimum)
Yield Strength 0.2% Proof, Class 3
310
MPa (minimum)
Elongation in 50 mm
20
% (minimum, both classes)
Reduction of Area, Class 1
35
% (minimum)
Reduction of Area, Class 3
30
% (minimum)
Hardness, Class 1
170
HBW (maximum)
Hardness, Class 3
156 - 207
HBW (specified range)
Modulus of Elasticity
205
GPa (typical)
Mechanical Properties
Check the key mechanical properties and performance requirements of Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar
ASTM A182 / A182M governs these for Grade F22, tested to ASTM A370, shown against class because the two classes differ substantially.
Class 1 is the annealed condition at 415 MPa minimum tensile and 205 MPa minimum proof strength, with hardness capped at 170 HBW as a maximum only. Class 3 is normalised and tempered at 515 MPa minimum tensile and 310 MPa minimum proof strength, with hardness specified as a 156-207 HBW range having both a floor and a ceiling. That difference in how hardness is expressed reflects the different delivery conditions.
For reactor and hot hydrogen service the room-temperature mechanical results are the least interesting part of the certificate. What matters is creep-rupture behaviour, assessed through ASME allowable stresses, resistance to high-temperature hydrogen attack per the API 941 Nelson curves, and long-term toughness after temper embrittlement.
Charpy impact testing at a specified temperature is routinely added as a supplementary requirement, and step cooling tests are common for reactor-grade material. A step cooling test simulates years of service exposure in the embrittling range and measures how far the transition temperature shifts, which no room-temperature test can reveal.
Dimension / Sizes for Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar
Dimension / Size
Value
Unit
Diameter
10 - 300
mm
Standard Length
3 - 6 (random / mill lengths)
m
Custom Length
Cut to length available on request
-
Diameter Tolerance
Per ASTM A29 / A29M, varies with size and finish
-
Length Tolerance
Per ASTM A29 / A29M or as agreed at order
-
Straightness Tolerance
Per ASTM A29 / A29M or as agreed at order
-
End Condition
Square cut, chamfered, or as ordered
-
Surface Finish
Hot-rolled, rough-turned, peeled, smooth-turned, centreless ground
-
Available Size Range
10 - 300, larger diameters by forging on enquiry
mm
Cut-to-Length Availability
Available
-
Dimensional Standard
ASTM A29 / A29M
-
Dimensions & Sizes
Explore available diameters, lengths, and dimensional requirements for Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar
Pricing for Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar
Round Bar Prices are generally quoted per kilograms or meters tonnes and can fluctuate with the global raw material and market prices. The final price will depend on a variety of factors, including the grade size, diameter, length, surface finish, the quantity and whether the bars are cut to length or in standard lengths.
For smaller quantities, we can also quote per metre or per piece basis once the required dimensions have been confirmed. Container-loads or orders that are larger in size are typically priced per tonne, based upon the specifications required and the supply conditions.
Please provide your desired dimensions, grades, length number, and end for a current quote including the lead time applicable and details for certification.
Pricing
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Why Choose Us
Euro Steel Bars is an international distributor, stockist and exporter of stainless round steel bars that cover carbon, stainless alloy, special grades. We stock a variety of sizes and grades. We guarantee every order with mill test certificates as well as full quality-assurance documentation. Our name speaks to our roots: European-sourced materials that is backed by the certificates and rigor that buyers from Asia as well as the Gulf and Africa are looking for.
Each bar we deliver is accompanied by EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificates as well as complete documentation of quality, so what you receive corresponds to what’s written in the documents. We carry a selection of sizes and grades ready for transport, and cut length upon the request of customers, which results in quicker lead times, whether you’re ordering just a one-off spec or a complete project tonnage.
We operate an actual wholesale business that is that is supported with an internationally-operated supply chain therefore we are able to serve fabricators sourcing one grade the same way in the same way as an EPC contractor who is placing a large order. Our clients include manufacturers, fabricators EPC construction companies, engineers oil and gas projects as well as construction companies. we design our inventory as well as documentation to show what buyers need to bring projects forward.
Our customers trust us across Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, Jordan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Turkey, Italy and South Africa. If you’re looking to source an Gulf energy project, or a construction project within Southeast Asia, you get the same quality of certified material, the exact documentation, and the exact delivery procedure.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar?
What is high-temperature hydrogen attack and why does F22 resist it?
What is temper embrittlement and how is it controlled?
What are Classes 1 and 3 in Grade F22?
What standard does Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar comply with?
What are the key mechanical properties of Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar?
Can Alloy Steel F22 Round Bar be welded?
What sizes and lengths are available?
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