Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar
➡️ CS C45 | UNS G10450 | EN 1.0503 (C45) | EN 1.1191 (C45E)
➡️ ASTM, EN, JIS & International Standards
➡️ Supply Conditions
➡️ Multiple Diameters & Supply Lengths
➡️ Global Export & International Delivery
Country of Origin:
Europe, Japan, USA
Material Type:
Carbon Steel
UNS Number:
G10450
Wr. No.:
1.0503 (C45) / 1.1191 (C45E)
MTC Available:
EN 10204 3.1
Product Description for Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar
Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar is a non-alloy engineering bar produced to EN 10083-2, the European standard for non-alloy quenched and tempered steels. The grade carries Werkstoff number 1.0503, with the higher-purity variant C45E designated 1.1191. Bright and cold-finished bar is supplied to EN 10277-2 or EN 10277-5.
With 0.42-0.50% carbon and 0.50-0.80% manganese the grade responds fully to quenching and tempering. In the quenched and tempered condition at diameters up to 16 mm it provides a minimum yield strength of 490 MPa within a tensile range of 700-850 MPa, and in the normalised condition a minimum yield of 340 MPa with a minimum tensile of 620 MPa. Induction and flame hardening are also widely used to harden bearing and wear surfaces while leaving a tough core.
Bar is supplied in the untreated (+U), normalised (+N), annealed (+A), treated for shearability (+S), or quenched and tempered (+QT) delivery condition. Surface options include hot rolled, hot rolled and descaled, cold drawn bright, peeled, rough turned, smooth turned, centreless ground and polished. The delivery condition is a mandatory part of the order because the standard sets different property requirements for each.
Because EN 10083-2 relates strength requirements to ruling section, mechanical properties are quoted separately for diameters up to 16 mm and for the range over 16 mm up to 40 mm. Larger diameters carry progressively lower minimum values, and the applicable size band must be stated when ordering. Diameters are commonly available from about 8 mm to 250 mm hot finished and from about 6 mm to 100 mm cold finished, in random 3-6 m lengths or cut to length.
Typical applications include shafts, axles, spindles, gears, pinions, sprockets, connecting rods, couplings, studs, bolts, keys, pins, hydraulic components, machine tool parts and general forgings. The grade serves automotive and commercial vehicle manufacture, power transmission, agricultural and construction equipment, pumps and valves, machine building and general engineering.
Common Applications of Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar
➡️ Machined shafts, spindles, valve stems, pump sleeves and pins for food, beverage, dairy and pharmaceutical equipment, where the passive chromium oxide film resists both product acids and caustic clean-in-place chemicals.
➡️ Fasteners, studs, bolts, threaded rod and anchor components produced from bar stock, chosen for corrosion resistance combined with the ductility needed for cold heading and thread rolling.
➡️ Chemical, water treatment and general process plant parts such as agitator shafts, flange blanks, nozzles and support components handling water, steam and mildly corrosive media free of significant chlorides.
➡️ Architectural and structural hardware including handrail stanchions, balustrade fittings, tension rods and bollards, where a bright ground or polished bar finish provides both appearance and low maintenance.
International Equivalent Grade for CS C45 Round Bar
Standard
Country / Region
Grade / Equivalent
EN 10083-2
Europe / EU
C45 (1.0503) and C45E (1.1191)
DIN 17200
Germany
C45 (1.0503), superseded by EN 10083-2
ASTM A29 / A29M, ASTM A576, ASTM A108, SAE J403
USA
AISI/SAE 1045 (UNS G10450)
BS 970-1
United Kingdom
080M46 / 080A47
JIS G4051
Japan
S45C
GB/T 699
China
45
KS D 3752
South Korea
SM45C
ISO 683-1
International
C45 / C45E
Technical Specification for Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar
Specification
Value
Unit
Material
Carbon Steel
-
Grade / Designation
C45 / W.Nr. 1.0503
-
UNS Number
G10450 (via AISI 1045)
-
Product Form
Round Bar / Rod
-
Governing Chemistry Standard
EN 10083-2
-
Hot-Finished Bar Standard
EN 10083-2 with dimensional tolerances to EN 10060
-
Cold-Finished Bar Standard
EN 10277-2 and EN 10277-5 for bright and cold-finished bar
-
Dimensional Tolerance Standard
EN 10060 for hot-rolled round bar and EN 10278 for bright bar
-
Diameter (available range)
8 - 250 hot finished, 6 - 100 cold finished
mm
Length (standard random)
3 - 6
m
Manufacturing Process
Hot rolling, forging or cold drawing
-
Production Route
Electric arc furnace or basic oxygen furnace, ladle refined, continuously cast, hot rolled
-
Surface Finish
Hot rolled, hot rolled and descaled, cold drawn, peeled, turned, ground or polished
-
Heat Treatment / Delivery Condition
+U untreated, +N normalised, +A annealed, +S treated for shearability, or +QT quenched and tempered
-
Carbon Equivalent CEV (typical, calculated)
0.57
-
Hardenability
H variants with specified Jominy band available by agreement
-
Density (typical)
7.84 - 7.85
g/cm3
Melting Range (approximate)
1425 - 1495
degC
Thermal Conductivity at 20 degC (typical)
49.8
W/m.K
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 20-100 degC (typical)
11.7
um/m.K
Specific Heat Capacity (typical)
486
J/kg.K
Electrical Resistivity at 20 degC (typical)
0.162
uOhm.m
Modulus of Elasticity (typical)
200 - 210
GPa
Poisson Ratio (typical)
0.27 - 0.30
-
Magnetic Properties
Ferromagnetic in all conditions
-
Applicable Testing / Inspection Standard
EN ISO 6892-1 tensile testing, EN ISO 148-1 Charpy impact testing, EN ISO 6506-1 Brinell hardness
-
Certification / Inspection Document
EN 10204 Type 3.1 inspection certificate. Type 3.2 on request
-
Technical Specifications
Get the key technical specifications for Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar
Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar is ordered against EN 10083-2, which covers non-alloy quenched and tempered steels and sets both the chemical composition and the mandatory mechanical properties. Bright and cold-finished bar is covered by EN 10277-2 and EN 10277-5.
The delivery condition must be stated on the order. EN 10083-2 recognises +U untreated, +N normalised, +A annealed, +S treated for shearability and +QT quenched and tempered, and each carries a different property requirement. Normalising is carried out at roughly 840-880 degC. Quenching is from about 820-860 degC into oil or water depending on section, followed by tempering between 550 and 660 degC to reach the ordered strength class.
Dimensional tolerances come from EN 10060 for hot-rolled round bar and from EN 10278 for bright bar, where ISO h9, h10 and h11 classes are the usual choices. Straightness, out-of-round and length tolerances tighten as the finish moves from hot rolled through cold drawn to centreless ground, and the required class should be nominated rather than left to mill standard.
Testing is to EN ISO 6892-1 for tensile properties, EN ISO 148-1 for Charpy V-notch impact energy and EN ISO 6506-1 for Brinell hardness. Ultrasonic examination and surface crack detection can be added by agreement. The calculated carbon equivalent is approximately 0.57, density is about 7.84 – 7.85 g/cm3, modulus of elasticity is 200 – 210 GPa and the material is ferromagnetic in every condition. Material is normally released with an EN 10204 Type 3.1 inspection certificate.
Chemical Composition for Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar
Element
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
Carbon
C
0.42
0.50
%
Silicon
Si
-
0.40
%
Manganese
Mn
0.50
0.80
%
Phosphorus (base quality)
P
-
0.045
%
Sulphur (base quality)
S
-
0.045
%
Phosphorus (E quality)
P
-
0.030
%
Sulphur (E quality)
S
-
0.035
%
Chromium
Cr
-
0.40
%
Molybdenum
Mo
-
0.10
%
Nickel
Ni
-
0.40
%
Chromium plus Molybdenum plus Nickel
Cr+Mo+Ni
-
0.63
%
Chemical Composition
View the chemical composition and applicable material limits for CS C45 Round Bar
EN 10083-2 fixes carbon for C45 at 0.42-0.50%, which is the element that governs attainable hardness and the strength of the tempered structure. At this level the grade hardens fully on quenching and the final strength is set by the tempering temperature, giving a wide usable range of properties from one bar.
Manganese at 0.50-0.80% raises hardenability and strength and fixes sulphur as manganese sulphide to prevent hot shortness during rolling. Silicon is capped at 0.40% and acts as a deoxidiser with a modest solid-solution strengthening effect. Neither element is present in quantities large enough to classify the steel as alloyed.
The standard defines quality levels that differ only in residual purity. Base quality allows phosphorus and sulphur to 0.045% each. The E quality, designated C45E, tightens these to 0.030% phosphorus and 0.035% sulphur for better toughness and cleanliness. A third variant, C45R, holds sulphur in a controlled 0.020-0.040% band to improve machinability without ruining transverse properties.
Residual chromium, molybdenum and nickel are limited to 0.40%, 0.10% and 0.40% respectively, with a combined maximum of 0.63%. This ceiling keeps hardenability consistent between heats and prevents the steel drifting into alloy-steel behaviour. The calculated carbon equivalent of approximately 0.57 should be used when setting welding preheat and interpass temperature.
Mechanical Properties for Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar
Mechanical Property
Value
Unit
Yield Strength ReH minimum, normalised +N
340
MPa
Tensile Strength Rm minimum, normalised +N
620
MPa
Elongation A minimum, normalised +N
16
%
Yield Strength Re minimum, +QT diameter up to 16 mm
490
MPa
Tensile Strength Rm range, +QT diameter up to 16 mm
700 - 850
MPa
Elongation A minimum, +QT diameter up to 16 mm
14
%
Impact Energy KV minimum at room temperature, +QT diameter up to 16 mm
25
J
Yield Strength Re minimum, +QT diameter over 16 up to 40 mm
430
MPa
Tensile Strength Rm range, +QT diameter over 16 up to 40 mm
650 - 800
MPa
Elongation A minimum, +QT diameter over 16 up to 40 mm
16
%
Impact Energy KV minimum at room temperature, +QT diameter over 16 up to 40 mm
25
J
Hardness in annealed condition +A, maximum
255
HB
Modulus of Elasticity typical
200 - 210
GPa
Mechanical Properties
Check the key mechanical properties and performance requirements of CS C45 Round Bar
EN 10083-2 specifies mandatory mechanical properties that vary with both delivery condition and ruling section, so a single set of figures is never sufficient. Normalised, C45 must reach a minimum yield of 340 MPa, a minimum tensile of 620 MPa and a minimum elongation of 16%. Quenched and tempered at diameters up to 16 mm, the requirement rises to a minimum yield of 490 MPa within a tensile band of 700-850 MPa.
The tensile strength in the +QT condition is specified as a range rather than a minimum. This matters because a component that comes in above the upper limit will be harder and more notch sensitive than the designer assumed. As diameter increases the minimum values fall: over 16 mm up to 40 mm the minimum yield drops to 430 MPa with a tensile band of 650-800 MPa, and larger size bands continue that trend. The size band must be stated on the order.
Charpy V-notch impact energy of at least 25 J at room temperature is required in the +QT condition for the smaller size band. Tensile testing follows EN ISO 6892-1, impact testing follows EN ISO 148-1 and hardness testing follows EN ISO 6506-1. Test pieces are taken from the position defined by the standard for the ruling section.
Because hardenability is limited by the low residual alloy content, larger sections cool more slowly during quenching and develop a softer core. For heavily loaded parts above roughly 60 mm diameter an alloyed grade to EN 10083-3 is usually more appropriate. Actual results are reported on the EN 10204 Type 3.1 certificate.
Dimension / Sizes for Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar
Dimension / Size
Value
Unit
Diameter (hot-finished)
8 - 250
mm
Diameter (cold-finished)
6 - 100
mm
Standard Length (random)
3 - 6
m
Custom / Cut-to-Length
Available on request, typically 0.1 - 12
m
Diameter Tolerance (hot-finished)
Per EN 10060, tolerance class agreed on order
-
Diameter Tolerance (cold-finished)
Per EN 10278 for bright bar, ISO h9 h10 or h11 as agreed
-
Length Tolerance
Per applicable product standard or as agreed on order
-
Straightness Tolerance
Per applicable product standard or as agreed on order
-
Out-of-Round / Circularity
Controlled by the ordered tolerance class
-
End Condition
Saw cut, sheared, chamfered or centre-drilled as ordered
-
Surface Finish
Hot rolled, hot rolled and descaled, cold drawn, peeled, turned, ground or polished
-
Available Size Range
6 - 250
mm
Cut-to-Length Availability
Yes, subject to minimum order quantity
-
Applicable Dimensional Standard
EN 10060 for hot-rolled round bar and EN 10278 for bright bar
-
Dimensions & Sizes
Explore available diameters, lengths, and dimensional requirements for CS C45 Round Bar
Pricing for Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar
Round Bar Prices are generally quoted per kilograms or meters tonnes and can fluctuate with the global raw material and market prices. The final price will depend on a variety of factors, including the grade size, diameter, length, surface finish, the quantity and whether the bars are cut to length or in standard lengths.
For smaller quantities, we can also quote per metre or per piece basis once the required dimensions have been confirmed. Container-loads or orders that are larger in size are typically priced per tonne, based upon the specifications required and the supply conditions.
Please provide your desired dimensions, grades, length number, and end for a current quote including the lead time applicable and details for certification.
Pricing
Get current Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar pricing based on size, quantity, grade, finish, and delivery requirements.
Why Choose Us
Euro Steel Bars is an international distributor, stockist and exporter of stainless round steel bars that cover carbon, stainless alloy, special grades. We stock a variety of sizes and grades. We guarantee every order with mill test certificates as well as full quality-assurance documentation. Our name speaks to our roots: European-sourced materials that is backed by the certificates and rigor that buyers from Asia as well as the Gulf and Africa are looking for.
Each bar we deliver is accompanied by EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificates as well as complete documentation of quality, so what you receive corresponds to what’s written in the documents. We carry a selection of sizes and grades ready for transport, and cut length upon the request of customers, which results in quicker lead times, whether you’re ordering just a one-off spec or a complete project tonnage.
We operate an actual wholesale business that is that is supported with an internationally-operated supply chain therefore we are able to serve fabricators sourcing one grade the same way in the same way as an EPC contractor who is placing a large order. Our clients include manufacturers, fabricators EPC construction companies, engineers oil and gas projects as well as construction companies. we design our inventory as well as documentation to show what buyers need to bring projects forward.
Our customers trust us across Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, Jordan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Turkey, Italy and South Africa. If you’re looking to source an Gulf energy project, or a construction project within Southeast Asia, you get the same quality of certified material, the exact documentation, and the exact delivery procedure.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar?
Which standard does Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar comply with?
What are the equivalent grades of Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar?
What is the difference between C45, C45E and C45R?
What are the mechanical properties of Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar?
Can Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar be hardened?
Is Carbon Steel C45 Round Bar weldable?
What sizes, lengths and finishes are available?
Request A Quote
Need a specific grade, size or quantity? Get pricing and availability for your requirement.