Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar
➡️ SS 316 | UNS S31600 | EN 1.4401
➡️ ASTM, EN, JIS & International Standards
➡️ Supply Conditions
➡️ Multiple Diameters & Supply Lengths
➡️ Global Export & International Delivery
Country of Origin:
Europe, Japan, USA
Material Type:
Stainless Steel
UNS Number:
S31600
Wr. No.:
1.4401
MTC Available:
EN 10204 3.1
Product Description for Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar
Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar is a solid cylindrical bar produced in molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel Type 316 (UNS S31600). It is supplied principally to ASTM A276 / A276M, with dimensional, straightness and surface requirements taken from ASTM A484 / A484M. In Europe the equivalent material is ordered to EN 10088-3 as grade 1.4401 (X5CrNiMo17-12-2).
The defining feature is 2.00-3.00 % molybdenum on a 16-18 % chromium and 10-14 % nickel base. Molybdenum stabilises the passive film against chloride attack, so the grade resists pitting and crevice corrosion in seawater spray, brines, sulfurous and phosphoric process streams and many organic acids far better than Type 304. Calculated PREN is approximately 23 to 28.
Bars are supplied hot-finished (hot rolled or forged, then solution annealed) or cold-finished (cold drawn, peeled, rough turned, smooth turned, centreless ground or polished), normally in Condition A. Cold-worked Conditions S and B cover higher-strength requirements. The grade is not hardenable by heat treatment, and its higher nickel content makes it more austenite-stable than Type 304, so it retains a low magnetic response even after moderate cold work.
Typical supply covers 3 mm to 350 mm diameter in random 3-6 m lengths or cut to order, with tolerance classes drawn from ASTM A484 / A484M or EN 10278. The grade welds by all common arc processes without preheat. Machinability is slightly below Type 304 because molybdenum increases work hardening, and where welded joints cannot be re-annealed, low-carbon 316L is normally substituted to avoid sensitisation.
Applications include marine shafting and deck fittings, chemical and petrochemical process components, pharmaceutical and food equipment handling chlorides, desalination and pulp and paper plant, flue gas desulfurisation systems, offshore fasteners and surgical or laboratory hardware. Consistent global availability and EN 10204 Type 3.1 certification make it the reference bar grade for chloride-bearing duty.
Common Applications of Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar
➡️ Machined shafts, spindles, valve stems, pump sleeves and pins for food, beverage, dairy and pharmaceutical equipment, where the passive chromium oxide film resists both product acids and caustic clean-in-place chemicals.
➡️ Fasteners, studs, bolts, threaded rod and anchor components produced from bar stock, chosen for corrosion resistance combined with the ductility needed for cold heading and thread rolling.
➡️ Chemical, water treatment and general process plant parts such as agitator shafts, flange blanks, nozzles and support components handling water, steam and mildly corrosive media free of significant chlorides.
➡️ Architectural and structural hardware including handrail stanchions, balustrade fittings, tension rods and bollards, where a bright ground or polished bar finish provides both appearance and low maintenance.
International Equivalent Grade for SS 316 Round Bar
Standard
Country / Region
Grade
ASTM A276 / A276M, ASTM A479 / A479M
USA
Type 316 (UNS S31600)
ASME SA-276
USA
Type 316 (UNS S31600)
EN 10088-3
Europe / EU
X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (1.4401)
BS EN 10088-3
United Kingdom
X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (1.4401)
JIS G4303
Japan
SUS316
GB/T 1220
China
06Cr17Ni12Mo2 (S31608)
KS D 3706
South Korea
STS316
ISO 15510
International
X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (1.4401)
Technical Specification for Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar
Specification
Value
Unit
Material
Stainless Steel
-
Grade
Type 316 / UNS S31600 / EN 1.4401
-
Product Form
Round Bar (Rod)
-
Standard
ASTM A276 / A276M
-
Dimensional Standard
ASTM A484 / A484M
-
Standard Edition Referenced
ASTM A276 / A276M-25. ASTM A484 / A484M-24b. EN 10088-3:2023. EN 10088-1:2023
-
Diameter
3 - 350
mm
Length
3 - 6 random mill length or cut to length
m
Manufacturing Process
Hot rolled, forged, cold drawn, peeled, turned or centreless ground
-
Production Route
EAF melting with AOD or VOD refining, continuous cast bloom or ingot, hot rolled or forged
-
Surface Finish
Hot rolled and pickled, cold drawn bright, peeled, rough turned, smooth turned, centreless ground or polished. EN 10088-3 conditions 1C, 1E, 1D, 1X, 1G, 2H, 2D, 2B, 2G, 2P
-
Heat Treatment / Delivery Condition
Solution annealed, Condition A (ASTM) / +AT (EN). ASTM solution annealing practice is 1040 C minimum to dissolve grain-boundary carbides, followed by rapid cooling
-
Tolerance Standard
ASTM A484 / A484M. EN 10278 for bright products, IT 8 to IT 11 for conditions 2H 2B 2D and IT 9 or finer for centreless ground condition 2G
-
Carbon Equivalent (CEV)
Not applicable to austenitic stainless steel
-
Density
8.00
g/cm3
Melting Range
1370 - 1400
C
Thermal Conductivity at 100 C
16.3 typical (15 at 20 C per EN 10088-1)
W/m.K
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 0-100 C
15.9 typical (16.0 for 20-200 C per EN 10088-1)
um/m.C
Specific Heat at 20 C
500 typical
J/kg.K
Electrical Resistivity at 20 C
0.74 typical (0.75 per EN 10088-1)
uohm.m
Modulus of Elasticity at 20 C
193 typical (200 per EN 10088-1)
GPa
Poisson Ratio
0.30 typical
-
Magnetic Properties
Non-magnetic in the solution-annealed condition and more austenite-stable than Type 304 after cold work
-
PREN (calculated)
23 - 28 (%Cr + 3.3 x %Mo)
-
Testing / Inspection Standard
ASTM A370 mechanical testing. ASTM A262 intergranular corrosion when specified. ASTM G48 pitting when specified
-
Certification / Inspection Documents
EN 10204 Type 3.1 or Type 3.2 mill test certificate
-
Technical Specifications
Get the key technical specifications for Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar
Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar is normally ordered to ASTM A276 / A276M in Condition A, with diameter, out-of-round, straightness and surface requirements taken from ASTM A484 / A484M. European orders use EN 10088-3 grade 1.4401 in the +AT condition, with bright bar tolerances to EN 10278 and hot rolled round bar dimensions to EN 10060.
Solution annealing under ASTM A276 requires heating to at least 1040 C followed by rapid cooling to dissolve chromium carbides and hold the molybdenum in solid solution. Slow cooling through 425 to 815 C sensitises the grade and can also precipitate sigma phase in heavily worked or high-molybdenum heats, both of which reduce corrosion performance. The grade cannot be hardened by heat treatment. Strength is raised only by cold work.
Tolerance class varies with diameter and finish, so size, finish and tolerance class should be stated explicitly on the order. Mechanical testing follows ASTM A370. For chloride service, ASTM A262 Practice E for intergranular attack and ASTM G48 for pitting resistance are common supplementary requirements, and 316L is specified where welded joints will not be re-annealed. Positive material identification is frequently requested to confirm the molybdenum content and separate 316 from 304 in the yard. Material is released against an EN 10204 Type 3.1 certificate.
Chemical Composition for Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar
Element
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
Carbon
C
-
0.08
%
Manganese
Mn
-
2.00
%
Phosphorus
P
-
0.045
%
Sulfur
S
-
0.030
%
Silicon
Si
-
1.00
%
Chromium
Cr
16.00
18.00
%
Nickel
Ni
10.00
14.00
%
Molybdenum
Mo
2.00
3.00
%
Iron
Fe
Balance
Balance
%
Chemical Composition
View the chemical composition and applicable material limits for SS 316 Round Bar
The composition above is the heat analysis required by ASTM A276 / A276M for Type 316 (UNS S31600). Molybdenum at 2.00 to 3.00 % is the element that separates this grade from Type 304. It strengthens the passive film against chloride attack and raises the calculated PREN to roughly 23 to 28, giving better pitting and crevice corrosion resistance in seawater spray, brines and reducing acids.
Chromium at 16.00 to 18.00 % forms the passive oxide film itself. Nickel is raised to 10.00 to 14.00 % because molybdenum is a ferrite former and extra nickel keeps the structure fully austenitic, preserving ductility and low-temperature toughness. Carbon is capped at 0.08 % to limit chromium carbide precipitation between 425 and 815 C. Where welded assemblies cannot be re-annealed, low-carbon 316L is specified instead.
Manganese and silicon are deoxidisers. Phosphorus and sulfur are residuals held to 0.045 % and 0.030 % since both harm hot workability and weld soundness. EN 10088-3 grade 1.4401 narrows the ranges, notably molybdenum at 2.00 to 2.50 %, chromium at 16.5 to 18.5 %, nickel at 10.0 to 13.0 % against 10.00 to 14.00 % in ASTM, and carbon at 0.07 % maximum with a nitrogen ceiling of 0.10 %. The narrower EN molybdenum band matters most: a heat at 2.8 % Mo meets ASTM 316 but fails 1.4401, so verify the grade against the mill certificate.
Mechanical Properties for Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar
Mechanical Property
Value
Unit
Tensile Strength - ASTM A276 Condition A hot-finished all sizes
515 minimum
MPa
Yield Strength 0.2 % offset - ASTM A276 Condition A hot-finished all sizes
205 minimum
MPa
Elongation in 50 mm or 4D - ASTM A276 Condition A hot-finished all sizes
40 minimum
%
Reduction of Area - ASTM A276 Condition A hot-finished all sizes
50 minimum
%
Tensile Strength - ASTM A276 Condition A cold-finished up to 12.70 mm
620 minimum
MPa
Yield Strength 0.2 % offset - ASTM A276 Condition A cold-finished up to 12.70 mm
310 minimum
MPa
Elongation in 50 mm or 4D - ASTM A276 Condition A cold-finished up to 12.70 mm
30 minimum
%
Reduction of Area - ASTM A276 Condition A cold-finished up to 12.70 mm
40 minimum
%
Tensile Strength - ASTM A276 Condition A cold-finished over 12.70 mm
515 minimum
MPa
Yield Strength 0.2 % offset - ASTM A276 Condition A cold-finished over 12.70 mm
205 minimum
MPa
Elongation in 50 mm or 4D - ASTM A276 Condition A cold-finished over 12.70 mm
30 minimum
%
Reduction of Area - ASTM A276 Condition A cold-finished over 12.70 mm
40 minimum
%
Brinell Hardness - ASTM A276 Condition A
No requirement specified by ASTM A276 for austenitic Condition A
HBW
Tensile Strength Rm - EN 10088-3 solution annealed hot formed conditions 1C 1E 1D 1X 1G 2D diameter up to 160 mm
500 - 700
MPa
0.2 % Proof Strength Rp0.2 - EN 10088-3 solution annealed diameter up to 160 mm
200 minimum
MPa
1.0 % Proof Strength Rp1.0 - EN 10088-3 solution annealed diameter up to 160 mm
235 minimum
MPa
Elongation A longitudinal - EN 10088-3 solution annealed diameter up to 160 mm
40 minimum
%
Impact Energy KV2 ISO-V longitudinal - EN 10088-3 solution annealed diameter up to 160 mm
100 minimum
J
Elongation A transverse - EN 10088-3 solution annealed diameter over 160 up to 250 mm
30 minimum
%
Impact Energy KV2 ISO-V transverse - EN 10088-3 solution annealed diameter over 160 up to 250 mm
60 minimum
J
Hardness - EN 10088-3 solution annealed diameter up to 160 mm
215 maximum
HBW
0.2 % Proof Strength Rp0.2 - EN 10088-3 bright bar conditions 2H 2B 2G 2P diameter up to 10 mm
400 minimum
MPa
Tensile Strength Rm - EN 10088-3 bright bar diameter up to 10 mm
600 - 950
MPa
Elongation A5 - EN 10088-3 bright bar diameter up to 10 mm
25 minimum
%
0.2 % Proof Strength Rp0.2 - EN 10088-3 bright bar diameter over 16 up to 40 mm
200 minimum
MPa
Tensile Strength Rm - EN 10088-3 bright bar diameter over 16 up to 40 mm
500 - 850
MPa
Elongation A5 - EN 10088-3 bright bar diameter over 16 up to 40 mm
30 minimum
%
0.2 % Proof Strength Rp0.2 - EN 10088-3 bright bar diameter over 63 up to 160 mm
200 minimum
MPa
Tensile Strength Rm - EN 10088-3 bright bar diameter over 63 up to 160 mm
500 - 700
MPa
Elongation A5 - EN 10088-3 bright bar diameter over 63 up to 160 mm
40 minimum
%
0.2 % Proof Strength Rp0.2 - EN 10088-3 cold work hardened condition 2H +C700
350 minimum
MPa
Tensile Strength Rm - EN 10088-3 cold work hardened condition 2H +C700
700 - 850
MPa
Elongation A - EN 10088-3 cold work hardened condition 2H +C700
20 minimum
%
0.2 % Proof Strength Rp0.2 - EN 10088-3 cold work hardened condition 2H +C800
500 minimum
MPa
Tensile Strength Rm - EN 10088-3 cold work hardened condition 2H +C800
800 - 1000
MPa
Elongation A - EN 10088-3 cold work hardened condition 2H +C800
12 minimum
%
Modulus of Elasticity at 20 C
193 typical (200 per EN 10088-1)
GPa
Mechanical Properties
Check the key mechanical properties and performance requirements of SS 316 Round Bar
Type 316 shares the same ASTM A276 mechanical group as Type 304, so the Condition A minima are identical: 515 MPa tensile, 205 MPa yield, 40 % elongation and 50 % reduction of area for hot-finished bar at all diameters. Values are verified by tensile testing to ASTM A370 on a 50 mm gauge length or 4D proportional specimen. ASTM A276 sets no Brinell limit for austenitic Condition A bar, and the 215 HBW figure in EN 10088-3 is flagged as a guidance value rather than a requirement.
Cold-finished bar up to 12.70 mm must reach 620 MPa tensile and 310 MPa yield at 30 % elongation. Above 12.70 mm the minima revert to 515 MPa and 205 MPa. Under EN 10088-3 the proof strengths for 1.4401 exceed those for 1.4301 at 200 MPa Rp0.2 and 235 MPa Rp1.0, with 40 % elongation and 100 J ISO-V impact energy up to 160 mm. Between 160 and 250 mm the standard switches to transverse specimens, giving 30 % elongation and 60 J.
The grade cannot be quench hardened. Higher strength comes from cold work, through ASTM Conditions S and B or the EN 2H levels +C700 and +C800. Elevated-temperature proof strength exceeds that of Type 304 across the EN 10088-3 range, for example 175 MPa against 155 MPa Rp0.2 at 100 C.
Dimension / Sizes for Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar
Dimension / Size
Value
Unit
Diameter - standard stock range
3 - 350
mm
Diameter - hot rolled or forged
16 - 350
mm
Diameter - cold drawn bright bar
3 - 100
mm
Diameter - peeled, turned or centreless ground
6 - 250
mm
Standard Length - random mill length
3 - 6
m
Custom Length - cut to length
0.1 - 6 (customisable to order)
m
Diameter Tolerance
Per ASTM A484 / A484M by size and finish class. EN 10278 h9 or h11 for bright bar
-
Length Tolerance
Per ASTM A484 / A484M or as agreed on order
m
Straightness Tolerance
Per ASTM A484 / A484M or as agreed on order
-
Out-of-Round / Circularity
Controlled by the ASTM A484 / A484M tolerance class for the ordered size and finish
-
End Condition
Saw cut, sheared, chamfered or machined square as ordered
-
Surface Finish
Hot rolled and pickled, cold drawn bright, peeled, rough turned, smooth turned, centreless ground or polished
-
Cut-to-Length Availability
Available on request
-
Applicable Dimensional Standard
ASTM A484 / A484M. EN 10060 hot rolled round bar. EN 10278 bright products
-
Dimensions & Sizes
Explore available diameters, lengths, and dimensional requirements for SS 316 Round Bar
Pricing for Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar
Round Bar Prices are generally quoted per kilograms or meters tonnes and can fluctuate with the global raw material and market prices. The final price will depend on a variety of factors, including the grade size, diameter, length, surface finish, the quantity and whether the bars are cut to length or in standard lengths.
For smaller quantities,  we can also quote per metre or per piece basis once the required dimensions have been confirmed. Container-loads or orders that are larger in size are typically priced per tonne, based upon the specifications required and the supply conditions.
Please provide your desired dimensions, grades, length number, and end for a current quote including the lead time applicable and details for certification.
Pricing
Get current Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar pricing based on size, quantity, grade, finish, and delivery requirements.
Why Choose Us
Euro Steel Bars is an international distributor, stockist and exporter of stainless round steel bars that cover carbon, stainless alloy, special grades. We stock a variety of sizes and grades. We guarantee every order with mill test certificates as well as full quality-assurance documentation. Our name speaks to our roots: European-sourced materials that is backed by the certificates and rigor that buyers from Asia as well as the Gulf and Africa are looking for.
Each bar we deliver is accompanied by EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificates as well as complete documentation of quality, so what you receive corresponds to what’s written in the documents. We carry a selection of sizes and grades ready for transport, and cut length upon the request of customers, which results in quicker lead times, whether you’re ordering just a one-off spec or a complete project tonnage.
We operate an actual wholesale business that is that is supported with an internationally-operated supply chain therefore we are able to serve fabricators sourcing one grade the same way in the same way as an EPC contractor who is placing a large order. Our clients include manufacturers, fabricators EPC construction companies, engineers oil and gas projects as well as construction companies. we design our inventory as well as documentation to show what buyers need to bring projects forward.
Our customers trust us across Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, Jordan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Turkey, Italy and South Africa. If you’re looking to source an Gulf energy project, or a construction project within Southeast Asia, you get the same quality of certified material, the exact documentation, and the exact delivery procedure.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar?
What standard does Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar comply with?
What are the equivalent grades of Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar?
What sizes and lengths are available in Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar?
What are the key mechanical properties of Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar?
What is the typical chemical composition of Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar?
Can Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar be supplied cut to length or with a specific finish?
Is Stainless Steel 316 Round Bar suitable for seawater and marine service?
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