Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar
➡️ F12 | UNS K11562 | EN 1.7335
➡️ ASTM, EN, JIS & International Standards
➡️ Supply Conditions
➡️ Multiple Diameters & Supply Lengths
➡️ Global Export & International Delivery
Country of Origin:
Europe, Japan, USA
Material Type:
Alloy Steel
UNS Number:
K11562
Wr. No.:
1.7335
MTC Available:
EN 10204 3.1
Product Description for Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar
F12 is the ASTM A182 grade designation for a 1% chromium, 0.5% molybdenum low-alloy steel, UNS K11562. Material is furnished to ASTM A182 / A182M with dimensions to ASTM A29 / A29M. The same alloy is P12 in ASTM A335 pipe and Grade 12 in ASTM A387 plate.
It is the leanest of the chromium-molybdenum creep-resisting grades in common use, sitting just above plain carbon steel in capability and cost. Chromium at 0.80-1.25% gives modest oxidation resistance, and molybdenum at 0.44-0.65% supplies the creep strength that lets the grade work continuously to around 550 C.
ASTM A182 divides F12 into Classes 1 and 2. Class 1 gives 415 MPa minimum tensile with a 121-174 HBW hardness range, Class 2 gives 485 MPa with 143-207 HBW. Both share the same composition, so the class must be stated on the order.
Phosphorus and sulphur limits are looser than F11 at 0.045% each, and silicon is simply capped at 0.50% rather than carrying a deliberate minimum. Those two differences are what separate F12 from F11.
Bar is supplied annealed, or normalised and tempered. Diameters go from 10 mm to 300 mm, hot-finished or cold-finished, either random or cut to length. The steel is ferromagnetic, it is not stainless, and it will rust in wet service exactly as carbon steel does.
Welding is straightforward by chromium-molybdenum standards, needing preheat of roughly 150-250 C with post-weld heat treatment below the tempering temperature, since hardenability at this chromium level is low.
Typical work is boiler and heater hardware, valve and flange stock, pressure-vessel components and hot piping parts.
Common Applications of Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar
➡️ Machined shafts, spindles, valve stems, pump sleeves and pins for food, beverage, dairy and pharmaceutical equipment, where the passive chromium oxide film resists both product acids and caustic clean-in-place chemicals.
➡️ Fasteners, studs, bolts, threaded rod and anchor components produced from bar stock, chosen for corrosion resistance combined with the ductility needed for cold heading and thread rolling.
➡️ Chemical, water treatment and general process plant parts such as agitator shafts, flange blanks, nozzles and support components handling water, steam and mildly corrosive media free of significant chlorides.
➡️ Architectural and structural hardware including handrail stanchions, balustrade fittings, tension rods and bollards, where a bright ground or polished bar finish provides both appearance and low maintenance.
International Equivalent Grade for Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar
Standard
Country / Region
Grade
UNS
USA
UNS K11562
ASTM A182 / A182M
USA
Grade F12 Classes 1 and 2 (UNS K11562)
ASTM A335 / A335M
USA
Grade P12 (seamless pipe)
ASTM A387 / A387M
USA
Grade 12 (plate)
EN 10216-2
Europe / EU
13CrMo4-5 (1.7335) - nearest equivalent
DIN 17175
Europe / EU
1.7335 (13CrMo4-5) - nearest equivalent
Technical Specification for Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar
Specification
Value
Unit
Material
Alloy steel
-
Grade
F12 / UNS K11562 / 1.7335 nearest
-
Product Form
Round bar / rod
-
Standard
ASTM A182 / A182M Grade F12, Classes 1 and 2
-
Diameter
10 - 300 (typical supply range)
mm
Length
3 - 6 (random), or cut to length
m
Manufacturing Process
Hot rolled or forged, annealed or normalised and tempered
-
Production Route
EAF or BOF with ladle refining, continuous cast or ingot
-
Surface Finish
Hot-rolled, rough-turned, peeled, smooth-turned, centreless ground
-
Heat Treatment / Delivery Condition
Annealed, or normalised and tempered, tempering set by class
-
Tolerance Standard
ASTM A29 / A29M
-
Density
7.80 (typical)
g/cm3
Melting Range
1425 - 1510 (typical)
C
Thermal Conductivity at 100 C
40.0 (typical)
W/m.K
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (20-100 C)
12.5 (typical)
um/m.C
Specific Heat (0-100 C)
460 (typical)
J/kg.K
Electrical Resistivity at 20 C
0.22 (typical)
uOhm.m
Modulus of Elasticity at 20 C
205 (typical)
GPa
Magnetic Properties
Ferromagnetic in all conditions
-
Maximum Service Temperature
550 (typical, continuous)
C
Testing / Inspection Standard
ASTM A370 for mechanical testing, ASTM A182 for hardness verification
-
Certification / Inspection Documents
EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 mill test certificate
-
Technical Specifications
Get the key technical specifications for Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar
Order to ASTM A182 / A182M as Grade F12, with dimensional tolerance, straightness and surface condition from ASTM A29 / A29M rather than the stainless standard A484.
Two classes are defined. Class 1 is tempered higher and comes out softer, at 415 MPa minimum tensile with a 121-174 HBW hardness range. Class 2 gives 485 MPa minimum tensile with 143-207 HBW. Composition is identical for both, so a certificate showing correct chemistry tells you nothing about the class. Only the tensile and hardness results do, and the class belongs on the purchase order.
The differences from F11 are worth checking if a specification allows either. F12 runs slightly lower chromium at 0.80-1.25%, caps silicon at 0.50% instead of specifying a 0.50-1.00% range, and permits looser phosphorus and sulphur at 0.045% each rather than 0.030%. Those looser residual limits make F12 marginally more susceptible to temper embrittlement over long service.
Welding is straightforward by chromium-molybdenum standards. Preheat of roughly 150-250 C is typical, with post-weld heat treatment below the tempering temperature. Hardenability is low enough that heavy preheat is not required, but preheat and post-weld heat treatment are still mandatory rather than optional.
Above about 400 C, design runs on creep-rupture data and ASME allowable stresses.
Chemical Composition for Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar
Element
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
Carbon
C
0.05
0.15
%
Manganese
Mn
0.30
0.61
%
Silicon
Si
-
0.50
%
Phosphorus
P
-
0.045
%
Sulfur
S
-
0.045
%
Chromium
Cr
0.80
1.25
%
Molybdenum
Mo
0.44
0.65
%
Iron
Fe
Balance
-
%
Chemical Composition
View the chemical composition and applicable material limits for Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar
Molybdenum at 0.44-0.65% is the element that earns this grade its place. It strengthens the solid solution and forms fine carbides that resist coarsening under sustained load at temperature, which is what gives creep strength that plain carbon steel simply does not have above about 400 C.
Chromium at 0.80-1.25% works with the molybdenum to form stable alloy carbides and provides modest oxidation resistance. At this level it is nowhere near enough to passivate the surface, so the steel rusts in wet or humid conditions exactly like carbon steel.
Carbon is specified as a 0.05-0.15% range rather than a maximum. The floor matters, because carbon is needed to form the alloy carbides that carry the creep strength, and a heat at the bottom of the range tempers to a lower strength than one at the top.
Silicon is capped at 0.50% with no minimum, which is one of the two differences from F11.
Phosphorus and sulphur are each permitted up to 0.045%, looser than the 0.030% applied to F11 and F5. That matters for long service in the temper embrittlement range, where phosphorus segregating to grain boundaries reduces toughness over time, so tighter residuals are sometimes specified as a supplementary requirement.
Manganese at 0.30-0.61% deoxidises and adds hardenability.
Mechanical Properties for Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar
Mechanical Property
Value
Unit
Tensile Strength, Class 1
415
MPa (minimum)
Tensile Strength, Class 2
485
MPa (minimum)
Yield Strength 0.2% Proof, Class 1
220
MPa (minimum)
Yield Strength 0.2% Proof, Class 2
275
MPa (minimum)
Elongation in 50 mm
20
% (minimum, both classes)
Reduction of Area, Class 1
45
% (minimum)
Reduction of Area, Class 2
30
% (minimum)
Hardness, Class 1
121 - 174
HBW (specified range)
Hardness, Class 2
143 - 207
HBW (specified range)
Modulus of Elasticity
205
GPa (typical)
Mechanical Properties
Check the key mechanical properties and performance requirements of Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar
Requirements below come from ASTM A182 / A182M for Grade F12, tested to ASTM A370. Because the standard defines two classes, every figure is shown against its class rather than merged.
Class 1 is the softer and tougher condition at 415 MPa minimum tensile plus 220 MPa minimum proof strength, with 45% minimum reduction of area and a 121-174 HBW hardness range. It is chosen where machinability and toughness matter more than strength.
Class 2 gives 485 MPa minimum tensile and 275 MPa minimum proof strength, with 30% minimum reduction of area and 143-207 HBW. Note that the higher strength comes with a lower reduction of area requirement, which is the expected trade rather than an inconsistency in the standard.
Both hardness bands are mandatory at each end. A result below the floor indicates over-tempering, which coarsens the carbides and compromises the creep strength the grade exists to provide, even though a room-temperature tensile test may still pass. A result above the ceiling indicates insufficient tempering, leaving the material harder to machine and lower in toughness.
For service above roughly 400 C these room-temperature figures are not the design basis. Creep-rupture data and ASME BPVC allowable stresses govern, and they fall away as temperature approaches the 550 C practical ceiling.
Dimension / Sizes for Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar
Dimension / Size
Value
Unit
Diameter
10 - 300
mm
Standard Length
3 - 6 (random / mill lengths)
m
Custom Length
Cut to length available on request
-
Diameter Tolerance
Per ASTM A29 / A29M, varies with size and finish
-
Length Tolerance
Per ASTM A29 / A29M or as agreed at order
-
Straightness Tolerance
Per ASTM A29 / A29M or as agreed at order
-
End Condition
Square cut, chamfered, or as ordered
-
Surface Finish
Hot-rolled, rough-turned, peeled, smooth-turned, centreless ground
-
Available Size Range
10 - 300, larger diameters by forging on enquiry
mm
Cut-to-Length Availability
Available
-
Dimensional Standard
ASTM A29 / A29M
-
Dimensions & Sizes
Explore available diameters, lengths, and dimensional requirements for Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar
Pricing for Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar
Round Bar Prices are generally quoted per kilograms or meters tonnes and can fluctuate with the global raw material and market prices. The final price will depend on a variety of factors, including the grade size, diameter, length, surface finish, the quantity and whether the bars are cut to length or in standard lengths.
For smaller quantities, we can also quote per metre or per piece basis once the required dimensions have been confirmed. Container-loads or orders that are larger in size are typically priced per tonne, based upon the specifications required and the supply conditions.
Please provide your desired dimensions, grades, length number, and end for a current quote including the lead time applicable and details for certification.
Pricing
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Why Choose Us
Euro Steel Bars is an international distributor, stockist and exporter of stainless round steel bars that cover carbon, stainless alloy, special grades. We stock a variety of sizes and grades. We guarantee every order with mill test certificates as well as full quality-assurance documentation. Our name speaks to our roots: European-sourced materials that is backed by the certificates and rigor that buyers from Asia as well as the Gulf and Africa are looking for.
Each bar we deliver is accompanied by EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificates as well as complete documentation of quality, so what you receive corresponds to what’s written in the documents. We carry a selection of sizes and grades ready for transport, and cut length upon the request of customers, which results in quicker lead times, whether you’re ordering just a one-off spec or a complete project tonnage.
We operate an actual wholesale business that is that is supported with an internationally-operated supply chain therefore we are able to serve fabricators sourcing one grade the same way in the same way as an EPC contractor who is placing a large order. Our clients include manufacturers, fabricators EPC construction companies, engineers oil and gas projects as well as construction companies. we design our inventory as well as documentation to show what buyers need to bring projects forward.
Our customers trust us across Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, Jordan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Turkey, Italy and South Africa. If you’re looking to source an Gulf energy project, or a construction project within Southeast Asia, you get the same quality of certified material, the exact documentation, and the exact delivery procedure.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar?
What is the difference between F11 and F12?
What are Classes 1 and 2 in Grade F12?
What standard does Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar comply with?
What are the key mechanical properties of Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar?
Is Alloy Steel F12 stainless?
Can Alloy Steel F12 Round Bar be welded?
What sizes and lengths are available?
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