Incoloy 28 Round Bar
➡️ Alloy 28 | UNS N08028 | EN 1.4563 | X1NiCrMoCu31-27-4
➡️ ASTM, EN, JIS & International Standards
➡️ Supply Conditions
➡️ Multiple Diameters & Supply Lengths
➡️ Global Export & International Delivery
Country of Origin:
Europe, Japan, USA
Material Type:
Stainless Steel
UNS Number:
N08028
Wr. No.:
1.4563
MTC Available:
EN 10204 3.1
Product Description for Incoloy 28 Round Bar
Incoloy Alloy 28 Round Bar is made from a high-alloy super-austenitic stainless steel, UNS N08028, known in Europe as 1.4563 (X1NiCrMoCu31-27-4). Bars are supplied mainly to EN 10088-3 and EN 10272.
The alloy contains about 27% chromium, 31% nickel, 3.5% molybdenum and 1% copper. This gives very high corrosion resistance in strong acids such as sulfuric and phosphoric acid, and high resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion and chloride stress corrosion cracking.
The very low carbon content gives good resistance to intergranular corrosion after welding.
Bars are supplied solution annealed and can be peeled, turned or ground. The alloy is non-magnetic.
Common applications include phosphoric and sulfuric acid plant parts, oil and gas components, pollution control equipment, pickling equipment and parts for seawater and chloride service. Alloy 28 sits between the 6% molybdenum super-austenitic steels and the nickel alloys. Its very high chromium makes it one of the best stainless grades for wet-process phosphoric acid, which contains chlorides and fluorides that attack most other steels. It is also used for oilfield tubing and parts in sour wells, where it resists hydrogen sulfide and chlorides better than duplex grades. Seamless tube is often sold under trade names such as Sanicro 28, and bar is used for matching fittings, valve parts, shafts and fasteners. Its very low carbon means welds do not need post-weld heat treatment to resist intergranular attack. Bars are stocked in fewer sizes than 904L, so check availability early. Cut pieces, peeled bar and ground bar can be supplied with 3.1 certificates and optional corrosion tests.
Common Applications of Incoloy 28 Round Bar
➡️ Machined shafts, spindles, valve stems, pump sleeves and pins for food, beverage, dairy and pharmaceutical equipment, where the passive chromium oxide film resists both product acids and caustic clean-in-place chemicals.
➡️ Fasteners, studs, bolts, threaded rod and anchor components produced from bar stock, chosen for corrosion resistance combined with the ductility needed for cold heading and thread rolling.
➡️ Chemical, water treatment and general process plant parts such as agitator shafts, flange blanks, nozzles and support components handling water, steam and mildly corrosive media free of significant chlorides.
➡️ Architectural and structural hardware including handrail stanchions, balustrade fittings, tension rods and bollards, where a bright ground or polished bar finish provides both appearance and low maintenance.
International Equivalent Grade for Alloy 28 Round Bar
Standard
Country / Region
Grade
UNS
USA
UNS N08028
ASTM / ASME / SAE
USA
ASTM B473 / ASTM B829 / ASME SB473 / SAE J405
EN 10088-3 / EN 10272
Europe
1.4563 (X1NiCrMoCuN 31-27-4)
GB / ISC
China
00Cr27Ni31Mo3Cu / H08028 / NS1404
SS
Sweden
SS 2584
AFNOR
France
Z1NCDU31-27-03
Technical Specification for Incoloy 28 Round Bar
Specification
Value
Unit
Material
Super-austenitic stainless steel
-
Grade
Alloy 28 / UNS N08028 / 1.4563
-
Standard
EN 10088-3 / EN 10272
-
Product Form
Round bar / rod
-
Diameter (supply range)
6–250
mm
Length (random)
1–6
m
Manufacturing Process
Hot rolled, forged, extruded or cold drawn
-
Surface Finish
Descaled, pickled, peeled, turned, ground or bright
-
Heat Treatment / Delivery Condition
Solution annealed
-
Tolerance Standard
EN 10060 / EN 10278 or as agreed
-
Density
8.0
g/cm³
Melting Range
1370–1420
°C
Thermal Conductivity at 20°C
12
W/m·K
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 20–100°C
15.8 (20–200°C)
µm/m·K
Specific Heat at 20°C
450
J/kg·K
Electrical Resistivity at 20°C
1.00
µΩ·m
Modulus of Elasticity at 20°C
195
GPa
Magnetic Properties
Non-magnetic
-
Testing / Inspection
Chemical analysis, tensile, hardness, dimensional, UT and PMI on request
-
Certification
EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificate (3.2 on request)
-
Technical Specifications
Get the key technical specifications for Incoloy 28 Round Bar
Alloy 28 Round Bar is supplied to EN 10088-3 and, for pressure use, EN 10272, as 1.4563. The order should state the standard and any NACE requirement.
Bars are solution annealed and rapidly cooled to avoid intermetallic phases.
Physical data for Alloy 28 are reference values.
Testing includes chemical analysis, tensile, hardness and dimensional checks, with corrosion testing, UT and PMI on request.
In Europe, bar is ordered to EN 10088-3 for general use or EN 10272 for pressure equipment, with material number 1.4563. For oil and gas use, check the NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 limits for the operating temperature and hydrogen sulfide partial pressure, and whether cold-worked material is allowed. ASTM covers UNS N08028 mainly in tube and pipe standards, so for ASTM projects confirm with the buyer which document governs bar. Solution annealing is done at about 1100–1150°C followed by rapid cooling. Slow cooling or long heating between about 600–900°C can form sigma phase, which lowers toughness and corrosion resistance. Corrosion tests such as ASTM G48 can be ordered to check the final structure.
Hardness is limited to 230 HB maximum.
Chemical Composition for Incoloy 28 Round Bar
Element
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
Carbon
C
-
0.020
%
Silicon
Si
-
0.70
%
Manganese
Mn
-
2.00
%
Phosphorus
P
-
0.030
%
Sulfur
S
-
0.010
%
Chromium
Cr
26.0
28.0
%
Nickel
Ni
30.0
32.0
%
Molybdenum
Mo
3.0
4.0
%
Copper
Cu
0.70
1.50
%
Nitrogen
N
-
0.10
%
Chemical Composition
View the chemical composition and applicable material limits for Alloy 28 Round Bar
The table shows the EN 10088-3 limits for 1.4563. UNS N08028 limits in ASTM tube standards are similar but slightly wider.
Chromium at 26–28% and molybdenum at 3–4% give high pitting resistance, with PREN of about 39.
Nickel at 30–32% gives a stable austenitic structure and high resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking. Copper improves resistance in sulfuric acid.
Carbon is kept at 0.020% maximum for resistance to intergranular corrosion. Chromium at 26–28% is much higher than in 904L, which has 19–23%, and this is the main reason for its better resistance in phosphoric acid and oxidising conditions. Nickel at 30–32% keeps the structure fully austenitic even at this high chromium, and it gives very good resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking. Molybdenum at 3–4% adds pitting resistance, while copper at 0.70–1.50% improves resistance in sulfuric acid. Nitrogen is limited to 0.10% maximum. Sulfur is held at 0.010% maximum, which helps hot workability and weld quality. The PREN of about 39 is higher than 904L, but lower than 6% molybdenum grades, so crevice corrosion in warm seawater is still a risk.
Mechanical Properties for Incoloy 28 Round Bar
Mechanical Property
Value
Unit
0.2% Proof Strength (EN 10088-3, annealed, d ≤ 160 mm)
≥ 220
MPa
1.0% Proof Strength (EN 10088-3)
≥ 250
MPa
Tensile Strength (EN 10088-3)
500–750
MPa
Elongation A, longitudinal (EN 10088-3, d ≤ 160 mm)
≥ 35
%
Impact Energy KV, longitudinal (EN 10088-3, d ≤ 160 mm)
≥ 100
J
Hardness (EN 10088-3)
≤ 230
HB
Mechanical Properties
Check the key mechanical properties and performance requirements of Alloy 28 Round Bar
The values shown are EN 10088-3 requirements for 1.4563 in the solution annealed condition.
The alloy has moderate strength and very high ductility and toughness, including at low temperature.
The Alloy 28 certificate should confirm solution annealing and rapid cooling. EN 10088-3 requires solution annealed 1.4563 bar up to 160 mm to reach 0.2% proof strength of at least 220 MPa, 1.0% proof strength of at least 250 MPa, tensile strength of 500–750 MPa and elongation of at least 35%, with longitudinal impact energy of at least 100 J and hardness of 230 HB maximum. These values are similar to other high-alloy austenitic steels. The alloy can be cold worked to much higher strength for oilfield tubing, but bar is normally supplied annealed. Impact toughness remains high at low temperature, which suits parts for cold climates and cryogenic service. Strength falls at high temperature, and the alloy is not used for creep service.
For sour service, cold-worked material has its own NACE limits, so the delivery condition must be stated. Hardness should stay within the EN 10088-3 limit of 230 HB for annealed bar.
Dimension / Sizes for Incoloy 28 Round Bar
Dimension / Size
Value
Unit
Available Diameter Range (supply capability)
10–250
mm
Standard Length (random)
1–6
m
Custom / Cut-to-Length
Available on request
-
Diameter Tolerance
Per EN 10060 / EN 10278 or as agreed
-
Length Tolerance
Per ordered standard or as agreed (commonly +50 / -0 mm for cut lengths)
-
Straightness Tolerance
Per EN 10060 or as agreed
-
End Condition
Saw cut square, chamfered or as ordered
-
Surface Finish
Hot finished, descaled, pickled, peeled, turned, centreless ground or cold drawn bright
-
Dimensions & Sizes
Explore available diameters, lengths, and dimensional requirements for Alloy 28 Round Bar
Pricing for Incoloy 28 Round Bar
Round Bar Prices are generally quoted per kilograms or meters tonnes and can fluctuate with the global raw material and market prices. The final price will depend on a variety of factors, including the grade size, diameter, length, surface finish, the quantity and whether the bars are cut to length or in standard lengths.
For smaller quantities, we can also quote per metre or per piece basis once the required dimensions have been confirmed. Container-loads or orders that are larger in size are typically priced per tonne, based upon the specifications required and the supply conditions.
Please provide your desired dimensions, grades, length number, and end for a current quote including the lead time applicable and details for certification.
Pricing
Get current Incoloy 28 Round Bar pricing based on size, quantity, grade, finish, and delivery requirements.
Why Choose Us
Euro Steel Bars is an international distributor, stockist and exporter of stainless round steel bars that cover carbon, stainless alloy, special grades. We stock a variety of sizes and grades. We guarantee every order with mill test certificates as well as full quality-assurance documentation. Our name speaks to our roots: European-sourced materials that is backed by the certificates and rigor that buyers from Asia as well as the Gulf and Africa are looking for.
Each bar we deliver is accompanied by EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificates as well as complete documentation of quality, so what you receive corresponds to what’s written in the documents. We carry a selection of sizes and grades ready for transport, and cut length upon the request of customers, which results in quicker lead times, whether you’re ordering just a one-off spec or a complete project tonnage.
We operate an actual wholesale business that is that is supported with an internationally-operated supply chain therefore we are able to serve fabricators sourcing one grade the same way in the same way as an EPC contractor who is placing a large order. Our clients include manufacturers, fabricators EPC construction companies, engineers oil and gas projects as well as construction companies. we design our inventory as well as documentation to show what buyers need to bring projects forward.
Our customers trust us across Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, Jordan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Turkey, Italy and South Africa. If you’re looking to source an Gulf energy project, or a construction project within Southeast Asia, you get the same quality of certified material, the exact documentation, and the exact delivery procedure.
Frequently Asked Questions
Should I choose Alloy 28 or 904L?
Why is Alloy 28 used in phosphoric acid plants?
Is Alloy 28 suitable for sour oil and gas service?
What is the difference between Alloy 28 and 904L?
How is Alloy 28 welded and machined?
What are the limits of Alloy 28?
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