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Duplex Stainless Steel 2101 Round Bar

Duplex Stainless Steel 2101 Round Bar (UNS S32101 / 1.4162) is a lean duplex grade with low nickel, high manganese and nitrogen. It offers about twice the yield strength of 304, corrosion resistance similar to or better than 304L and good stress corrosion resistance. It is used for structural parts, shafts, water treatment and tank fittings.

➡️ UNS S32101 | EN 1.4162 | ASTM A276

➡️ ASTM, EN, JIS & International Standards

➡️ Supply Conditions

➡️ Multiple Diameters & Supply Lengths

➡️ Global Export & International Delivery

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Duplex Stainless Steel 2101 Round Bar - Euro Steel Bars

Country of Origin:

Europe, Japan, USA

Material Type:

Stainless Steel

UNS Number:

S32101

Wr. No.:

1.4162

MTC Available:

EN 10204 3.1

Product Description for Duplex Stainless Steel 2101 Round Bar

Duplex Stainless Steel 2101 Round Bar is a lean duplex stainless bar made to UNS S32101, known in Europe as 1.4162 (X2CrMnNiN21-5-1). It has a mixed structure of roughly equal parts ferrite and austenite. The alloy contains about 21–22% chromium, 4–6% manganese, 1.35–1.70% nickel and 0.20–0.25% nitrogen, with small amounts of molybdenum and copper.

Low nickel content is the main feature of this grade. Manganese and nitrogen replace much of the nickel used in standard austenitic and duplex grades. This keeps the cost lower and more stable while giving high strength.

The yield strength of annealed 2101 is about twice that of annealed 304 or 316. This allows lighter sections and can reduce material weight and cost. Corrosion resistance is generally similar to or better than 304L, and in many environments close to 316L. The duplex structure also gives good resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking compared with 304 and 316.

Duplex 2101 bar is certified to ASTM A479 as UNS S32101 or to EN 10088-3 as 1.4162, always solution annealed. Rebar-type sizes are hot rolled, while larger 2101 bars are forged and then peeled or turned. The grade is magnetic because of its ferrite content and cannot be hardened by heat treatment.

Common uses include structural and civil engineering parts, rebar couplers and anchors, shafts, water treatment equipment, pulp and paper parts, storage tank fittings and general machined components. It suits projects where 304L or 316L would be used but higher strength or lower weight is needed. Its high strength makes it popular for rebar, tie rods and structural fixings where weight savings matter.

Common Applications of Duplex Stainless Steel 2101 Round Bar

➡️ Machined shafts, spindles, valve stems, pump sleeves and pins for food, beverage, dairy and pharmaceutical equipment, where the passive chromium oxide film resists both product acids and caustic clean-in-place chemicals.

➡️ Fasteners, studs, bolts, threaded rod and anchor components produced from bar stock, chosen for corrosion resistance combined with the ductility needed for cold heading and thread rolling.

➡️ Chemical, water treatment and general process plant parts such as agitator shafts, flange blanks, nozzles and support components handling water, steam and mildly corrosive media free of significant chlorides.

➡️ Architectural and structural hardware including handrail stanchions, balustrade fittings, tension rods and bollards, where a bright ground or polished bar finish provides both appearance and low maintenance.

International Equivalent Grade for Duplex 2101 Round Bar

Standard

Country / Region

Grade

UNS

USA

UNS S32101

ASTM / ASME

USA

ASTM A276 / A479 (Grade S32101)

EN

Europe

EN 1.4162 (X2CrMnNiN21-5-1)

GB

China

022Cr21Mn5Ni1N

JIS

Japan

SUS 321J1

KS

South Korea

STS 321J1

ISO

International

ISO 1.4162

Table of Contents

Technical Specification for Duplex Stainless Steel 2101 Round Bar

Specification

Value

Unit

Material

Stainless steel (duplex)

-

Grade

2101 / UNS S32101 / 1.4162

-

Standard

ASTM A479 / A479M, EN 10088-3

-

Product Form

Round bar

-

Diameter (supply range)

10–300

mm

Length (random)

3–6

m

Manufacturing Process

Hot rolled or forged, then solution annealed

-

Surface Finish

Pickled, peeled, turned, centreless ground or polished

-

Heat Treatment / Delivery Condition

Solution annealed and rapidly cooled

-

Tolerance Standard

ASTM A484 / EN 10060 / EN 10278

-

Density

7.7

g/cm³

Thermal Conductivity at 20°C

15

W/m·K

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 20–100°C

13.0

µm/m·K

Specific Heat at 20°C

500

J/kg·K

Electrical Resistivity at 20°C

0.80

µΩ·m

Modulus of Elasticity at 20°C

200

GPa

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic (duplex ferrite-austenite structure)

-

Testing / Inspection

Chemical analysis, tensile, hardness, ferrite content, optional ASTM A923 / impact / UT / PMI

-

Certification

EN 10204 3.1 (3.2 on request), NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 where specified

-

Technical Specifications​ Icon

Technical Specifications

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Duplex 2101 Round Bar is ordered to ASTM A479 / A479M for bars used in pressure and structural service, with general requirements from ASTM A484. In Europe it is supplied to EN 10088-3 as 1.4162 in the solution-annealed (+AT) condition.

Bars are hot rolled or forged, then solution annealed at about 1020–1080°C and rapidly cooled, usually in water. Correct annealing gives a balanced ferrite-austenite structure and dissolves unwanted phases. Duplex 2101 gets its strength from nitrogen and its two-phase structure, not from hardening heat treatment.

Duplex steels can form harmful intermetallic phases if held too long in the range of about 600–950°C. Buyers can order testing to ASTM A923 or ferrite measurement to confirm correct heat treatment.

The thermal and electrical values for 2101 are reference data, useful when it replaces 304L in heated equipment. The grade is magnetic because of its ferrite content. Standard testing covers heat analysis, tensile and hardness tests. Impact testing, UT, PMI and third-party inspection can be added. For 2101, hot-rolled tolerances follow ASTM A484 or EN 10060, and bright bars follow EN 10278.

Duplex 2101 bar is supplied solution annealed and rapidly cooled, usually from about 1020–1080°C. The ferrite content should be roughly balanced with austenite, and some buyers specify a ferrite range, for example 35–65%, measured by metallography. Add this to the order if the part will be used in critical or code-regulated service.

Chemical Composition for Duplex Stainless Steel 2101 Round Bar

Element

Symbol

Min

Max

Unit

Carbon

C

-

0.040

%

Manganese

Mn

4.00

6.00

%

Silicon

Si

-

1.00

%

Phosphorus

P

-

0.040

%

Sulfur

S

-

0.030

%

Chromium

Cr

21.0

22.0

%

Nickel

Ni

1.35

1.70

%

Molybdenum

Mo

0.10

0.80

%

Nitrogen

N

0.20

0.25

%

Copper

Cu

0.10

0.80

%

Chemical Composition

View the chemical composition and applicable material limits for Duplex 2101 Round Bar

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The table shows the ASTM limits for UNS S32101. The EN grade 1.4162 has closely matching limits in EN 10088-3.

Chromium at 21–22% is the main source of corrosion resistance and also supports the ferrite phase. Nitrogen at 0.20–0.25% is very important. It strengthens both phases, stabilises austenite and improves pitting resistance.

Manganese at 4–6% is the element that allows nickel to be reduced to only 1.35–1.70%. Like nickel, manganese stabilises austenite and helps the steel dissolve more nitrogen. Together, manganese and nitrogen give the balanced duplex structure at low alloy cost.

Molybdenum and copper are present in small amounts and add some resistance in reducing and mildly acidic conditions. Carbon is kept low to avoid carbide precipitation during welding. The pitting resistance equivalent (PREN) is usually around 26, which places the grade between 304L and 316L in chloride pitting resistance. On 2101 certificates, check nitrogen and manganese first, as they control both strength and phase balance. Nitrogen is the element to watch on mill certificates. A heat near the lower limit of 0.20% may show lower strength and pitting resistance, so buyers with demanding service can ask for nitrogen near the middle of the range.

Mechanical Properties for Duplex Stainless Steel 2101 Round Bar

Mechanical Property

Value

Unit

Tensile Strength, d ≤ 50 mm (ASTM A479, annealed)

≥ 700

MPa

Yield Strength 0.2%, d ≤ 50 mm (ASTM A479, annealed)

≥ 530

MPa

Tensile Strength, d > 50 mm (ASTM A479, annealed)

≥ 650

MPa

Yield Strength 0.2%, d > 50 mm (ASTM A479, annealed)

≥ 450

MPa

Elongation in 50 mm (ASTM A479)

≥ 30

%

Hardness (ASTM A479)

≤ 290

HB

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Mechanical Properties

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The values shown are ASTM A479 minimum requirements for UNS S32101 in the solution-annealed condition. Some product standards give slightly higher strength for thin sections, so the exact size-dependent limits should be checked in the ordered standard.

The main advantage of 2101 is its high yield strength, which is roughly double that of annealed 304L or 316L. This allows designers to use smaller sections for the same load. Ductility remains good, with elongation of at least 30%.

Duplex grades have good toughness at room temperature and down to about -40°C when correctly annealed, but they are not intended for cryogenic service. Incorrect heat treatment or long exposure at 300–950°C can lower toughness and corrosion resistance. For critical parts, impact testing can be specified. Use the standard minimum values for design and confirm results on the mill certificate. ASTM A479 sets higher minimums for bars up to 50 mm than for larger bars, because thinner sections cool faster and keep a finer structure. Make sure the certificate values match the correct size band. For structural work, the yield strength of about 450–530 MPa allows smaller sections than 304L, which saves weight and cost.

Dimension / Sizes for Duplex Stainless Steel 2101 Round Bar

Dimension / Size

Value

Unit

Available Diameter Range (supply capability)

10–300

mm

Standard Length (random)

3–6

m

Custom / Cut-to-Length

Available on request

-

Diameter Tolerance

Per ASTM A484 / A484M (hot-finished or cold-finished class) or EN 10060 / EN 10278 h9-h11

-

Length Tolerance

Per ordered standard or as agreed (commonly +50 / -0 mm for cut lengths)

-

Straightness Tolerance

Per ASTM A484 / EN 10060 or as agreed

-

End Condition

Saw cut square, chamfered or as ordered

-

Surface Finish

Pickled, peeled, turned, centreless ground or polished

-

Dimensions & Sizes

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Pricing for Duplex Stainless Steel 2101 Round Bar

Round Bar Prices are generally quoted per kilograms or meters tonnes and can fluctuate with the global raw material and market prices. The final price will depend on a variety of factors, including the grade size, diameter, length, surface finish, the quantity and whether the bars are cut to length or in standard lengths.

For smaller quantities,  we can also quote per metre or per piece basis once the required dimensions have been confirmed. Container-loads or orders that are larger in size are typically priced per tonne, based upon the specifications required and the supply conditions.

Please provide your desired dimensions, grades, length number, and end for a current quote including the lead time applicable and details for certification.

Pricing

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Why Choose Us

Euro Steel Bars is an international distributor, stockist and exporter of stainless round steel bars that cover carbon, stainless alloy, special grades. We stock a variety of sizes and grades. We guarantee every order with mill test certificates as well as full quality-assurance documentation. Our name speaks to our roots: European-sourced materials that is backed by the certificates and rigor that buyers from Asia as well as the Gulf and Africa are looking for.

Each bar we deliver is accompanied by EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificates as well as complete documentation of quality, so what you receive corresponds to what’s written in the documents. We carry a selection of sizes and grades ready for transport, and cut length upon the request of customers, which results in quicker lead times, whether you’re ordering just a one-off spec or a complete project tonnage.

We operate an actual wholesale business that is that is supported with an internationally-operated supply chain therefore we are able to serve fabricators sourcing one grade the same way in the same way as an EPC contractor who is placing a large order. Our clients include manufacturers, fabricators EPC construction companies, engineers oil and gas projects as well as construction companies. we design our inventory as well as documentation to show what buyers need to bring projects forward.

Our customers trust us across Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, Jordan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Turkey, Italy and South Africa. If you’re looking to source an Gulf energy project, or a construction project within Southeast Asia, you get the same quality of certified material, the exact documentation, and the exact delivery procedure.

Frequently Asked Questions

Everything you should be aware of regarding Duplex Stainless Steel 2101 Round Bar from the grade and standards internationally, to the available sizes and finishes, requirements for manufacturing and application. This section will help buyers examine specifications and options for supply prior to making an inquiry or requesting a quote.
Yes. Duplex Stainless Steel 2101 is generally magnetic because it has a ferritic-austenitic microstructure. The ferritic phase gives the material a noticeable magnetic response, unlike conventional austenitic grades such as 304 and 316, which are generally non-magnetic in their annealed condition. However, magnetism alone cannot confirm that a round bar is genuine Duplex 2101. Buyers should verify the grade designation, chemical composition, heat number, Mill Test Certificate (MTC), and applicable material specification. For critical applications, additional material verification such as PMI may also be required.
For a round bar, the relevant dimensional measurement is normally the diameter, rather than thickness. Duplex 2101 round bars can be supplied in different diameters and lengths depending on the applicable specification, manufacturing process, and availability. Smaller diameters may suit machined components, while larger diameters can be used for shafts, fittings, fasteners, and engineering components. When requesting a quotation, specify the diameter, length, quantity, dimensional tolerance, surface condition, grade, and applicable standard. If you need a particular finished dimension, provide the drawing or machining requirement so the appropriate bar size can be sourced.
When sourcing Duplex 2101 round bar, choose a supplier that can meet the required grade, dimensions, specification, certification, quantity, and delivery requirements. Pricing depends on factors such as diameter, length, quantity, material condition, certification, market conditions, and destination. Buyers should also verify material traceability and request an MTC where required. Euro Steel Bars can assist industrial buyers with sourcing Duplex 2101 round bars according to their technical and commercial requirements. Providing the complete specification with your enquiry helps the supplier identify the correct material and provide a more accurate quotation.
The price per pound of Duplex 2101 round bar varies according to diameter, quantity, specification, material condition, certification, surface finish, market conditions, and delivery location. A smaller or standard stock size may have different pricing from a specially sourced or cut-to-size bar. Freight and documentation requirements can also affect the delivered cost. For this reason, a fixed price per pound should not be assumed for every requirement. To receive an accurate quotation, provide the required diameter, length, quantity, grade, standard, certification requirements, and delivery destination.
Certification requirements depend on the application, project specification, applicable standard, and customer requirements. Buyers commonly request a Mill Test Certificate (MTC) showing the heat number, chemical composition, mechanical properties, and compliance with the specified material standard. Depending on the project, additional documentation may include a Certificate of Conformity, PMI report, dimensional inspection report, heat traceability, or third-party inspection. For oil and gas, petrochemical, pressure equipment, and other specification-controlled applications, additional requirements may apply. Buyers should clearly state their required standard and documentation when requesting Duplex 2101 round bar.
Duplex 2101 generally provides higher yield strength than common austenitic stainless steels such as 304 and 316, which is one of the reasons it is used in applications requiring higher mechanical strength. The exact minimum yield strength depends on the applicable product specification, material condition, and testing requirements. Buyers should not rely on a generic value when the material is being used for engineering design. Instead, verify the required yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and other mechanical properties against the applicable standard and Mill Test Certificate for the actual Duplex 2101 round bar being supplied.
Proper storage helps protect Duplex 2101 round bars from contamination and unnecessary surface corrosion. Store bars in a clean, dry, and well-ventilated area, preferably away from standing water, chemicals, salts, and other corrosive materials. Use suitable racks or supports to keep the bars off the ground and prevent contact with carbon steel or contaminated surfaces. During outdoor storage, protect the material from prolonged exposure to moisture while allowing adequate ventilation to prevent condensation. Proper identification and heat-number traceability should also be maintained throughout storage, particularly for project-controlled or certified material.
Duplex 2101 is a lean duplex stainless steel, meaning it uses a different alloying balance from higher-alloy super duplex grades. Its composition can reduce dependence on expensive alloying elements while still providing useful corrosion resistance and higher mechanical strength than many conventional stainless steels. This can make it a practical option where the service environment does not require the higher corrosion resistance of a super duplex grade. However, lower material cost does not automatically make 2101 suitable for every application. Buyers should compare corrosion conditions, mechanical requirements, temperature, fabrication needs, lifecycle costs, and applicable specifications before selecting the grade.
Lean Duplex 2101 is increasingly considered for applications requiring a combination of strength, corrosion resistance, and material cost control. Its duplex microstructure provides higher mechanical strength than many conventional austenitic stainless steels, while its lean alloy composition can reduce reliance on some higher-cost alloying elements. This makes it useful for selected manufacturing, construction, process equipment, storage, and engineering applications. However, material selection should always be based on the actual service environment. Buyers should evaluate corrosion exposure, temperature, mechanical loading, welding, forming, machining, applicable standards, and required certification before specifying Duplex 2101 round bar.
Do not rely only on appearance, markings, or a magnet test to verify Duplex 2101. Start by checking the material marking, heat number, supplier documentation, Mill Test Certificate, chemical composition, and applicable specification. The heat number should provide traceability between the physical bar and its material certificate. For critical applications, buyers can request Positive Material Identification (PMI) or other independent testing to verify alloy composition. If the material does not match the specified chemical or mechanical requirements, it should not be accepted simply because it has similar appearance or magnetic properties. Proper traceability is an important part of material verification.
Yes. Duplex stainless steel is recyclable, and its alloying elements can be recovered and reused through established stainless steel recycling processes. Its relatively high strength can also be useful in applications where material efficiency is important, although sustainability depends on the complete product lifecycle. For procurement, however, recyclability should not replace technical verification. Duplex 2101 round bar still needs to meet the required grade, chemical composition, mechanical properties, dimensions, standard, and certification requirements. When evaluating sustainability, buyers should consider material sourcing, service life, maintenance, recyclability, and the overall environmental impact of the finished component.

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