Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar
➡️ SS 420 | UNS S42000 | EN 1.4021
➡️ ASTM, EN, JIS & International Standards
➡️ Supply Conditions
➡️ Multiple Diameters & Supply Lengths
➡️ Global Export & International Delivery
Country of Origin:
Europe, Japan, USA
Material Type:
Stainless Steel
UNS Number:
S42000
Wr. No.:
1.4021 / 1.4028
MTC Available:
EN 10204 3.1
Product Description for Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar
Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar is round bar in grade 420, carrying the designations UNS S42000 and W.Nr. 1.4021 / 1.4028. Bar is made to ASTM A276 / A276M, and diameter tolerance, straightness and surface condition follow ASTM A484 / A484M. EN, JIS, GB/T and KS all carry an equivalent designation.
The grade is a higher-carbon martensitic stainless steel with a minimum of 0.15% carbon and 12-14% chromium. The increased carbon allows hardening to approximately 50 HRC or above, giving high strength, wear resistance and the ability to hold a cutting edge, while 12-14% chromium provides corrosion resistance in mild environments when the steel is hardened and polished.
Bar leaves the mill in the annealed (Condition A) or hardened and tempered condition. Depending on the tolerance and surface a job needs, it can be hot finished, cold drawn, peeled, rough or smooth turned, centreless ground or polished. Diameters from 3 mm to 500 mm are usual, with larger sizes forged to order, in random 3 to 6 m lengths or cut to length. The grade is hardenable by quenching and tempering, and bar is normally machined in the annealed condition before heat treatment.
Work done in this grade includes blades, cutlery, wear parts, moulds and hardened machine components, mostly for the cutlery and tooling, medical instruments, plastics processing and general engineering industries. Documentation is usually an EN 10204 3.1 certificate listing the heat analysis, the mechanical test results and the condition supplied. The bar is ferromagnetic in every condition. Density is around 7.70 g/cm3 and the modulus of elasticity about 200 GPa.
Common Applications of Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar
➡️ Machined shafts, spindles, valve stems, pump sleeves and pins for food, beverage, dairy and pharmaceutical equipment, where the passive chromium oxide film resists both product acids and caustic clean-in-place chemicals.
➡️ Fasteners, studs, bolts, threaded rod and anchor components produced from bar stock, chosen for corrosion resistance combined with the ductility needed for cold heading and thread rolling.
➡️ Chemical, water treatment and general process plant parts such as agitator shafts, flange blanks, nozzles and support components handling water, steam and mildly corrosive media free of significant chlorides.
➡️ Architectural and structural hardware including handrail stanchions, balustrade fittings, tension rods and bollards, where a bright ground or polished bar finish provides both appearance and low maintenance.
International Equivalent Grade for SS 420 Round Bar
Standard
Country / Region
Grade
ASTM A276 / A276M
USA
Type 420 (UNS S42000)
EN 10088-3
Europe / EU
1.4021 (X20Cr13) / 1.4028 (X30Cr13)
BS EN 10088-3
United Kingdom
1.4021 (X20Cr13) / 1.4028 (X30Cr13)
JIS G4303
Japan
SUS420J1 / SUS420J2
GB/T 1220
China
20Cr13 / 30Cr13
KS D 3706
South Korea
STS420J1 / STS420J2
ISO 15510
International
X20Cr13 / X30Cr13
Technical Specification for Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar
Specification
Value
Unit
Material
Stainless Steel
-
Grade
420 / UNS S42000 / W.Nr. 1.4021 / 1.4028
-
Product Form
Round Bar / Rod
-
Standard
ASTM A276 / A276M
-
Diameter
3 - 500 (larger by forging on request)
mm
Length
3 - 6 (random mill length) or cut to length
m
Manufacturing Process
Hot rolled, forged or cold finished
-
Production Route
EAF + AOD / VOD refining, continuous cast or ingot, hot rolled or forged
-
Surface Finish
Hot-finished and pickled, cold-drawn, peeled, turned, ground or polished
-
Heat Treatment / Delivery Condition
Annealed (condition a) or hardened and tempered
-
Tolerance Standard
ASTM A484 / A484M
-
Carbon Equivalent (CEV)
Not applicable (CEV applies to carbon and low-alloy steels)
-
Density
7.70 (nominal)
g/cm3
Melting Range
1450 - 1510 (typical)
C
Thermal Conductivity at 100 C
24.9 (typical)
W/m.K
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (0-100 C)
10.3 (typical)
10-6/K
Specific Heat (0-100 C)
460 (typical)
J/kg.K
Electrical Resistivity at 20 C
0.55 (typical)
micro-ohm.m
Modulus of Elasticity at 20 C
200 (typical)
GPa
Magnetic Properties
Ferromagnetic in all conditions
-
Applicable Testing / Inspection Standard
ASTM A370 (mechanical testing), ASTM E18 / E10 (hardness)
-
Certification / Inspection Documents
EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificate standard, 3.2 third-party, PMI, ultrasonic and dye-penetrant examination available on request
-
Technical Specifications
Get the key technical specifications for Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar
Buyers specify ASTM A276 / A276M for the material and ASTM A484 / A484M for dimensions and surface. In Europe the same steel is called 1.4021 (X20Cr13) / 1.4028 (X30Cr13). The ordered standard and condition should appear on the order and on the certificate.
Hardening is carried out by austenitising at approximately 980-1035 C followed by oil or air quenching and tempering, typically between 150 C and 370 C for maximum hardness. Tempering in the 425-600 C range reduces corrosion resistance and should be avoided for cutlery and wear applications.
Hot finished bar is rolled or forged, then heat treated and pickled. Cold finished bar is drawn, peeled, turned or ground after that. Diameter, out of round, straightness and length tolerances shift with size and finish class, so they are read from the dimensional standard or agreed case by case.
Corrosion resistance is best in the hardened and polished condition, because free chromium remains in solid solution and a smooth surface encourages a continuous passive film. In the annealed condition the grade is significantly less resistant.
The physical properties quoted are typical mill values, not requirements of the standard. Testing is to ASTM A370, with results, analysis, condition and heat number on the certificate.
Chemical Composition for Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar
Element
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
Carbon
C
0.15
-
%
Manganese
Mn
-
1.00
%
Silicon
Si
-
1.00
%
Phosphorus
P
-
0.040
%
Sulfur
S
-
0.030
%
Chromium
Cr
12.00
14.00
%
Chemical Composition
View the chemical composition and applicable material limits for SS 420 Round Bar
The 0.15% carbon minimum is what the grade turns on. It permits a high volume fraction of martensite and hard chromium carbides after quenching, which is what produces the hardness and wear resistance the grade is chosen for.
Chromium runs 12.00 to 14.00% here, and it is what makes the steel stainless: it builds the passive oxide film that resists attack. Beyond those, the standard controls only carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur and chromium; nothing else is specified. Carbon has a 0.15% minimum with no upper figure given.
The manganese and silicon come from deoxidation and add slight strength. Phosphorus and sulphur are residual elements with low ceilings, because they cost hot workability, weldability and corrosion resistance.
ASTM, EN, JIS, GB/T and KS versions of the grade set slightly different limits. For general work the gap rarely matters; for severe corrosion or hot service it can, so check the heat analysis on the certificate against the standard ordered. Chemical analysis is carried out to ASTM A751. Where the composition table shows no limit for an element, the standard sets no requirement and the element need not be determined or reported.
Mechanical Properties for Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar
Mechanical Property
Value
Unit
Hardness (Condition A, hot-finished)
241 (max)
HBW
Hardness (Condition A, cold-finished)
255 (max)
HBW
Hardness after hardening (ASTM A276 Table 3, air quench from 995 C)
50 (min)
HRC
Tensile Strength (annealed, typical)
655
MPa
Yield Strength 0.2% (annealed, typical)
345
MPa
Elongation in 50 mm (annealed, typical)
20
%
Tensile Strength (hardened and tempered, typical)
1550 - 1750
MPa
Modulus of Elasticity
200
GPa
Mechanical Properties
Check the key mechanical properties and performance requirements of SS 420 Round Bar
ASTM A276 limits annealed bar to 241 HBW hot-finished and 255 HBW cold-finished, and requires the material to be capable of 50 HRC minimum after air quenching from 995 C. Typical hardened and tempered tensile strength is 1550-1750 MPa with correspondingly reduced ductility.
Delivery condition decides everything here. Annealed bar is sold for machining, and the properties that matter in service come from the heat treatment applied afterwards. Hardness is checked to ASTM E10 or E18 and tensile properties to ASTM A370. If bar is ordered heat treated, put the target strength or hardness range on the order.
For design, use the specified minima of the standard and condition ordered and take the real numbers from the mill certificate. Section size matters too, since diameter affects cooling rate during heat treatment and how much hot or cold work the bar has seen.
Component selection is normally driven by the strength and hardness needed in service, with the tempering temperature chosen to balance them against toughness and corrosion resistance. Machining is carried out in the annealed condition, and allowance should be made for the small dimensional change that occurs during hardening. Where higher corrosion resistance is required at similar strength, a precipitation-hardening grade is usually the alternative considered.
Dimension / Sizes for Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar
Dimension / Size
Value
Unit
Diameter (standard supply range)
3 - 500 (larger by forging on request)
mm
Standard Length
3 - 6 (random mill length)
m
Custom Length
Cut to length available on request
-
Diameter Tolerance
Per ASTM A484 / A484M, varies with size and finish class
-
Length Tolerance
Per ASTM A484 / A484M or as agreed on the order
-
Straightness Tolerance
Per ASTM A484 / A484M or as agreed on the order
-
End Condition
Square cut, saw cut, chamfered or as ordered
-
Surface Finish
Hot-finished and pickled, cold-drawn, peeled, turned, ground or polished
-
Available Size Range (cold-finished bar)
3 - 100 (typical commercial capability)
mm
Available Size Range (hot-finished and forged bar)
16 - 500 (typical commercial capability)
mm
Cut-to-Length Availability
Available, tolerance to be agreed at order stage
-
Applicable Dimensional Standard
ASTM A484 / A484M
-
Dimensions & Sizes
Explore available diameters, lengths, and dimensional requirements for SS 420 Round Bar
Pricing for Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar
Round Bar Prices are generally quoted per kilograms or meters tonnes and can fluctuate with the global raw material and market prices. The final price will depend on a variety of factors, including the grade size, diameter, length, surface finish, the quantity and whether the bars are cut to length or in standard lengths.
For smaller quantities, we can also quote per metre or per piece basis once the required dimensions have been confirmed. Container-loads or orders that are larger in size are typically priced per tonne, based upon the specifications required and the supply conditions.
Please provide your desired dimensions, grades, length number, and end for a current quote including the lead time applicable and details for certification.
Pricing
Get current Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar pricing based on size, quantity, grade, finish, and delivery requirements.
Why Choose Us
Euro Steel Bars is an international distributor, stockist and exporter of stainless round steel bars that cover carbon, stainless alloy, special grades. We stock a variety of sizes and grades. We guarantee every order with mill test certificates as well as full quality-assurance documentation. Our name speaks to our roots: European-sourced materials that is backed by the certificates and rigor that buyers from Asia as well as the Gulf and Africa are looking for.
Each bar we deliver is accompanied by EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificates as well as complete documentation of quality, so what you receive corresponds to what’s written in the documents. We carry a selection of sizes and grades ready for transport, and cut length upon the request of customers, which results in quicker lead times, whether you’re ordering just a one-off spec or a complete project tonnage.
We operate an actual wholesale business that is that is supported with an internationally-operated supply chain therefore we are able to serve fabricators sourcing one grade the same way in the same way as an EPC contractor who is placing a large order. Our clients include manufacturers, fabricators EPC construction companies, engineers oil and gas projects as well as construction companies. we design our inventory as well as documentation to show what buyers need to bring projects forward.
Our customers trust us across Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, Jordan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Turkey, Italy and South Africa. If you’re looking to source an Gulf energy project, or a construction project within Southeast Asia, you get the same quality of certified material, the exact documentation, and the exact delivery procedure.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar?
What standard does Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar comply with?
What are the equivalent grades of Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar?
What sizes and lengths are available in Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar?
What are the key mechanical properties of Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar?
What is the typical chemical composition of Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar?
Can Stainless Steel 420 Round Bar be supplied cut to length or with a specific surface finish?
What hardness can 420 round bar reach?
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