Stainless Steel 441 Round Bar
➡️ SS 441 | UNS S44100 | EN 1.4509 | X2CrTiNb18 | AISI 441 | ASTM A276
➡️ ASTM, EN, JIS & International Standards
➡️ Supply Conditions
➡️ Multiple Diameters & Supply Lengths
➡️ Global Export & International Delivery
Country of Origin:
Europe, Japan, USA
Material Type:
Stainless Steel
UNS Number:
S43940
Wr. No.:
1.4509
MTC Available:
EN 10204 3.1
Product Description for Stainless Steel 441 Round Bar
Stainless Steel 441 Round Bar is made from a dual-stabilised ferritic stainless steel with about 18% chromium, very low carbon and additions of titanium and niobium. In the USA the grade is known as UNS S43940. In Europe the matching material is 1.4509 (X2CrTiNb18).
The titanium and niobium tie up carbon and nitrogen. This prevents chromium carbide formation at grain boundaries and gives good resistance to intergranular corrosion after welding. Niobium also improves high-temperature strength and creep resistance compared with standard 430 and 439.
The grade offers good resistance to oxidation and thermal cycling up to about 950°C in air. Its thermal expansion is lower than that of austenitic grades, which helps reduce distortion and scale spalling in parts that are heated and cooled often. Corrosion resistance in mild atmospheres and many mild chemicals is similar to or better than 430.
Grade 441 is used mainly in flat and tube form, especially in automotive exhaust systems. Bars are less common and are often made to order. The chemistry is taken from ASTM A240 and ASTM A959 for UNS S43940, and from EN 10088 for 1.4509.
Common bar uses include exhaust system parts, flanges, fittings, burner parts, heat exchanger components and machined parts that are welded and exposed to heat. Being ferritic, 441 is magnetic, and quenching does not harden it. It costs less than nickel-bearing grades and avoids nickel price swings. The grade also has lower thermal expansion than austenitic stainless steel, which reduces distortion in parts that heat and cool many times.
Common Applications of Stainless Steel 441 Round Bar
➡️ Machined shafts, spindles, valve stems, pump sleeves and pins for food, beverage, dairy and pharmaceutical equipment, where the passive chromium oxide film resists both product acids and caustic clean-in-place chemicals.
➡️ Fasteners, studs, bolts, threaded rod and anchor components produced from bar stock, chosen for corrosion resistance combined with the ductility needed for cold heading and thread rolling.
➡️ Chemical, water treatment and general process plant parts such as agitator shafts, flange blanks, nozzles and support components handling water, steam and mildly corrosive media free of significant chlorides.
➡️ Architectural and structural hardware including handrail stanchions, balustrade fittings, tension rods and bollards, where a bright ground or polished bar finish provides both appearance and low maintenance.
International Equivalent Grade for SS 441 Round Bar
Standard
Country / Region
Grade
UNS
USA
UNS S44100
ASTM / AISI
USA
ASTM A276 / ASTM A479 / ASTM A484 / AISI 441
ASME
USA
ASME SA276 / ASME SA479
SAE
USA
SAE J405 / SAE 441 / SAE S44100
EN 10088-2 / EN 10088-3
Europe
EN 1.4509 (X2CrTiNb18)
BS
United Kingdom
441S31
JIS
Japan
SUS 441 / SUS 441 J1
GB
China
06Cr19TiNb / 022Cr18NbTi
KS
South Korea
STS 441
ISO 15510
International
X2CrTiNb18
GOST
Russia
08Kh17T
Technical Specification for Stainless Steel 441 Round Bar
Specification
Value
Unit
Material
Stainless steel
-
Grade
441 / UNS S43940 / 1.4509
-
Standard
Chemistry per ASTM A240 / A959 (S43940) and EN 10088 (1.4509)
-
Product Form
Round bar (mostly made to order)
-
Diameter (supply range)
6–100
mm
Length (random)
3–6
m
Manufacturing Process
Hot rolled or cold drawn
-
Surface Finish
Annealed and pickled, bright, peeled or ground
-
Heat Treatment / Delivery Condition
Annealed
-
Tolerance Standard
ASTM A484 / EN 10060 / EN 10278
-
Density
7.7
g/cm³
Thermal Conductivity at 20°C
25
W/m·K
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 20–100°C
10.4
µm/m·K
Specific Heat at 20°C
460
J/kg·K
Electrical Resistivity at 20°C
0.60
µΩ·m
Modulus of Elasticity at 20°C
220
GPa
Magnetic Properties
Ferromagnetic
-
Testing / Inspection
Chemical analysis, tensile, hardness, dimensional, optional intergranular corrosion test
-
Certification
EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificate
-
Technical Specifications
Get the key technical specifications for Stainless Steel 441 Round Bar
Grade 441 is mainly a flat-rolled and tube grade. Round bars are produced in smaller volumes and are often made to order. The chemistry follows UNS S43940 as listed in ASTM A240 and ASTM A959, and grade 1.4509 in the EN 10088 series. Buyers should confirm the exact standard, size range and condition with the mill before ordering.
Bars are hot rolled, annealed and descaled, and may be cold drawn, peeled or ground. Annealing is normally carried out at about 870–950°C followed by air cooling. Strength in 441 can be raised only by cold work, not by quenching. Dimensional tolerances usually follow ASTM A484 for American orders or EN 10060 and EN 10278 for European orders.
Physical values in the table are for design guidance. The low thermal expansion of this ferritic grade reduces thermal stress in cyclic heating. The material is magnetic.
Standard testing covers heat analysis, tensile and hardness tests and dimensional checks. An intergranular corrosion test can be added for welded service. The mill certificate should show heat number, standard, condition and results.
Grade 441 is made mainly as strip, sheet and tube, so round bar is a less common form. Bar may be supplied from specialist producers or by agreement. Confirm whether the bar will be certified to EN 10088-3 as 1.4509 or with ASTM chemistry only, before placing the order.
Chemical Composition for Stainless Steel 441 Round Bar
Element
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
Carbon
C
-
0.030
%
Manganese
Mn
-
1.00
%
Silicon
Si
-
1.00
%
Phosphorus
P
-
0.040
%
Sulfur
S
-
0.030
%
Chromium
Cr
17.5
18.5
%
Nickel
Ni
-
1.00
%
Nitrogen
N
-
0.030
%
Titanium
Ti
0.10
0.60
%
Niobium
Nb
9 × C + 0.30
1.00
%
Chemical Composition
View the chemical composition and applicable material limits for SS 441 Round Bar
The table shows the limits for UNS S43940 as listed in ASTM A240. The EN grade 1.4509 is very close and uses the same idea of dual stabilisation with titanium and niobium.
Chromium at 17.5–18.5% gives corrosion resistance similar to or better than Type 430 and provides good oxidation resistance at high temperature. Carbon and nitrogen are both kept very low, at 0.030% maximum, to improve ductility, toughness and weldability.
Titanium and niobium are the key additions. They combine with carbon and nitrogen to form stable carbides and nitrides. This stops chromium carbides from forming at grain boundaries during welding, so the heat-affected zone keeps its corrosion resistance. The niobium minimum is linked to carbon content (9 × C + 0.30%).
Niobium in solid solution also raises high-temperature strength and creep resistance, which is important in exhaust and burner parts. Nickel is only a residual element. Manganese and silicon act as deoxidisers, and silicon also helps oxidation resistance. Check the heat analysis against the ordered standard on the mill certificate. If you compare mill certificates, check that both titanium and niobium are reported. A bar with only one of these elements is not true 441 and may give poorer weld behaviour.
Mechanical Properties for Stainless Steel 441 Round Bar
Mechanical Property
Value
Unit
Tensile Strength (ASTM A240, annealed)
≥ 415
MPa
Yield Strength 0.2% (ASTM A240, annealed)
≥ 205
MPa
Elongation in 50 mm (ASTM A240)
≥ 22
%
Tensile Strength (EN 1.4509, annealed, flat product reference)
430–630
MPa
0.2% Proof Strength (EN 1.4509, annealed)
≥ 250
MPa
Elongation A (EN 1.4509, annealed)
≥ 18
%
Mechanical Properties
Check the key mechanical properties and performance requirements of SS 441 Round Bar
The mechanical values are shown separately for the ASTM and EN references. They are annealed-condition values taken from the flat product standards, which are the main source of mechanical requirements for this grade. For round bars, the mill may certify against these values or against agreed limits, so the order should state the required values.
After annealing, 441 bar has moderate strength with enough ductility for bending and swaging exhaust parts. It cannot be hardened by heat treatment. Strength can only be increased by cold working. The fine, stabilised ferritic structure gives good formability and good toughness at room temperature, although ferritic grades lose toughness at low temperature and in thick sections.
At high temperature, niobium improves creep strength compared with 430 and 439. This helps parts keep their shape under heat and load. For design, use the minimum values of the ordered standard and confirm actual values on the mill certificate. At high temperature, niobium in solid solution gives 441 better creep and thermal fatigue strength than 430 or 409. This is why it is chosen for parts like exhaust manifolds that heat and cool with every engine cycle.
Dimension / Sizes for Stainless Steel 441 Round Bar
Dimension / Size
Value
Unit
Available Diameter Range (supply capability)
6–100 (made to order, larger sizes on enquiry)
mm
Standard Length (random)
3–6
m
Custom / Cut-to-Length
Available on request
-
Diameter Tolerance
Per ASTM A484 / A484M (hot-finished or cold-finished class) or EN 10060 / EN 10278 h9-h11
-
Length Tolerance
Per ordered standard or as agreed (commonly +50 / -0 mm for cut lengths)
-
Straightness Tolerance
Per ASTM A484 / EN 10060 or as agreed
-
End Condition
Saw cut square, chamfered or as ordered
-
Surface Finish
Annealed and pickled, bright drawn, peeled, turned or ground
-
Dimensions & Sizes
Explore available diameters, lengths, and dimensional requirements for SS 441 Round Bar
Pricing for Stainless Steel 441 Round Bar
Round Bar Prices are generally quoted per kilograms or meters tonnes and can fluctuate with the global raw material and market prices. The final price will depend on a variety of factors, including the grade size, diameter, length, surface finish, the quantity and whether the bars are cut to length or in standard lengths.
For smaller quantities, we can also quote per metre or per piece basis once the required dimensions have been confirmed. Container-loads or orders that are larger in size are typically priced per tonne, based upon the specifications required and the supply conditions.
Please provide your desired dimensions, grades, length number, and end for a current quote including the lead time applicable and details for certification.
Pricing
Get current Stainless Steel 441 Round Bar pricing based on size, quantity, grade, finish, and delivery requirements.
Why Choose Us
Euro Steel Bars is an international distributor, stockist and exporter of stainless round steel bars that cover carbon, stainless alloy, special grades. We stock a variety of sizes and grades. We guarantee every order with mill test certificates as well as full quality-assurance documentation. Our name speaks to our roots: European-sourced materials that is backed by the certificates and rigor that buyers from Asia as well as the Gulf and Africa are looking for.
Each bar we deliver is accompanied by EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificates as well as complete documentation of quality, so what you receive corresponds to what’s written in the documents. We carry a selection of sizes and grades ready for transport, and cut length upon the request of customers, which results in quicker lead times, whether you’re ordering just a one-off spec or a complete project tonnage.
We operate an actual wholesale business that is that is supported with an internationally-operated supply chain therefore we are able to serve fabricators sourcing one grade the same way in the same way as an EPC contractor who is placing a large order. Our clients include manufacturers, fabricators EPC construction companies, engineers oil and gas projects as well as construction companies. we design our inventory as well as documentation to show what buyers need to bring projects forward.
Our customers trust us across Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, Jordan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Turkey, Italy and South Africa. If you’re looking to source an Gulf energy project, or a construction project within Southeast Asia, you get the same quality of certified material, the exact documentation, and the exact delivery procedure.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is 441 better than 430 or 409 for welded hot parts?
Why is 441 called a dual-stabilised stainless steel?
Can 441 replace 304 stainless steel?
What temperature can 441 round bar withstand?
Which filler metal should I use to weld 441?
What are the weak points of 441 stainless steel?
Request A Quote
Need a specific grade, size or quantity? Get pricing and availability for your requirement.