Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar
➡️ AISI 446 | UNS S44600 | EN 1.4762 | ASTM A276
➡️ ASTM, EN, JIS & International Standards
➡️ Supply Conditions
➡️ Multiple Diameters & Supply Lengths
➡️ Global Export & International Delivery
Country of Origin:
Europe, Japan, USA
Material Type:
Stainless Steel
UNS Number:
S44600
Wr. No.:
1.4762
MTC Available:
EN 10204 3.1
Product Description for Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar
Type 446 (UNS S44600) is a ferritic stainless steel built around a very high chromium content, and bar in this grade is bought mainly to ASTM A276 / A276M. Dimensional and surface requirements come from ASTM A484 / A484M, while ASME SA-479 covers the same material where it goes into pressure equipment.
Chromium runs 23-27%, with a controlled nitrogen addition and almost no nickel. That much chromium builds a tight, adherent oxide scale, and scale behaviour is what the grade is bought for. It resists scaling in continuous service to roughly 1150 C, and to roughly 1095 C where service is intermittent. It also holds up in sulphur-bearing gases that attack nickel-rich austenitic grades.
Bar is normally supplied annealed. It can be hot-finished, or cold-finished by drawing, peeling, turning or centreless grinding where the order calls for closer tolerances and a better surface. Diameters usually run from about 6 mm to 300 mm, in random or cut lengths.
The ferritic structure brings limits with it. The bar is magnetic, it will not respond to hardening heat treatment, and room-temperature toughness is low. Long exposure near 475 C embrittles it, and the 600-900 C band precipitates sigma phase, so service is planned to sit above or below those ranges rather than inside them.
Most of the demand comes from furnace parts, burner nozzles, kiln and annealing-box components, heat-treatment fixtures, glass moulds, thermocouple protection tubes and sulphur-condenser hardware. That puts the grade largely in heat treatment, glass, cement, refining and power generation work.
Common Applications of Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar
➡️ Machined shafts, spindles, valve stems, pump sleeves and pins for food, beverage, dairy and pharmaceutical equipment, where the passive chromium oxide film resists both product acids and caustic clean-in-place chemicals.
➡️ Fasteners, studs, bolts, threaded rod and anchor components produced from bar stock, chosen for corrosion resistance combined with the ductility needed for cold heading and thread rolling.
➡️ Chemical, water treatment and general process plant parts such as agitator shafts, flange blanks, nozzles and support components handling water, steam and mildly corrosive media free of significant chlorides.
➡️ Architectural and structural hardware including handrail stanchions, balustrade fittings, tension rods and bollards, where a bright ground or polished bar finish provides both appearance and low maintenance.
International Equivalent Grade for SS 446 Round Bar
Standard
Country / Region
Grade
ASTM A276 / A276M
USA
Type 446 (UNS S44600)
ASME SA-479
USA
UNS S44600
EN 10095
Europe / EU
EN 1.4762
JIS G4311
Japan
SUH 446
GB/T 1221
China
16Cr25N
ISO 4955
International
X10CrAlSi25
Technical Specification for Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar
Specification
Value
Unit
Material
Stainless steel
-
Grade
446 / UNS S44600
-
Product Form
Round bar / rod
-
Standard
ASTM A276 / A276M, ASME SA-479
-
Diameter
6 - 300 (typical supply range)
mm
Length
3 - 6 (random), or cut to length
m
Manufacturing Process
Hot rolled or forged, annealed
-
Production Route
EAF + AOD refining, continuous cast or ingot
-
Surface Finish
Hot-rolled and annealed, pickled, cold-drawn, peeled, turned, ground
-
Heat Treatment / Delivery Condition
Annealed at 760-830 C, air cooled
-
Tolerance Standard
ASTM A484 / A484M
-
Density
7.50 (typical)
g/cm3
Melting Range
1425 - 1510 (typical)
C
Thermal Conductivity at 100 C
20.9 (typical)
W/m.K
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (20-100 C)
10.4 (typical)
um/m.C
Specific Heat (0-100 C)
500 (typical)
J/kg.K
Electrical Resistivity at 20 C
0.67 (typical)
uOhm.m
Modulus of Elasticity at 20 C
200 (typical)
GPa
Magnetic Properties
Ferromagnetic in all conditions
-
Maximum Continuous Service Temperature
1150 (typical, oxidising atmosphere)
C
Testing / Inspection Standard
ASTM A262 (where specified), ASTM A370 for mechanical testing
-
Certification / Inspection Documents
EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 mill test certificate
-
Technical Specifications
Get the key technical specifications for Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar
Most 446 bar is ordered to ASTM A276 / A276M in the annealed condition, with ASME SA-479 applied when it goes into a pressure-retaining assembly. Tolerances on diameter, straightness and out-of-round, along with surface condition, come from ASTM A484 / A484M, and the applicable table shifts with both diameter and finish class.
Annealing runs 760-830 C followed by air cooling. Nothing else will harden the grade, since a ferritic structure does not transform on cooling. Cold work raises strength but costs ductility. After high-temperature exposure, cooling quickly through 550-400 C keeps 475 C embrittlement in check.
Two metallurgical limits shape where the grade can go. Holding near 475 C hardens the material and strips its room-temperature ductility. Holding between roughly 600 C and 900 C precipitates sigma phase. Service is therefore normally set below about 400 C or above about 900 C. Room-temperature impact toughness is low enough that ASTM A276 imposes no Charpy requirement at all.
The bar is ferromagnetic in every condition, and it expands less than austenitic grades on heating, which helps under thermal cycling. Scaling resistance runs out at roughly 1150 C in continuously oxidising service. Orders should state the standard, diameter, finish, annealing condition and any supplementary testing wanted.
Chemical Composition for Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar
Element
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
Carbon
C
-
0.20
%
Manganese
Mn
-
1.50
%
Silicon
Si
-
1.00
%
Phosphorus
P
-
0.040
%
Sulfur
S
-
0.030
%
Chromium
Cr
23.00
27.00
%
Nickel
Ni
-
0.75
%
Nitrogen
N
-
0.25
%
Iron
Fe
Balance
-
%
Chemical Composition
View the chemical composition and applicable material limits for SS 446 Round Bar
Chromium between 23.00% and 27.00% does most of the work here. At that level the steel forms a dense chromium-rich scale that resists spalling and rebuilds quickly, which accounts for both the oxidation resistance and the tolerance of sulphidising gas. The same chromium keeps the structure ferritic across the whole temperature range, so no austenite forms on heating and the grade cannot be hardened by transformation.
Carbon sits at 0.20% maximum. That is high next to modern low-carbon ferritics, but the cap still limits chromium carbide precipitation, which would otherwise pull chromium out of the surrounding matrix and cut both corrosion resistance and what little ductility the grade has.
Nickel is deliberately held to 0.75% maximum. Low nickel pays off in sulphur-bearing gas, where nickel-rich alloys can form low-melting nickel sulphide eutectics.
Nitrogen up to 0.25% strengthens the solid solution and helps resist grain coarsening at temperature. Manganese and silicon deoxidise the melt, with silicon adding a little to scaling resistance. Phosphorus and sulphur are residuals, kept low to protect hot workability, weldability and general corrosion behaviour. Composition should be read off the heat analysis on the mill certificate rather than assumed from the grade name.
Mechanical Properties for Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar
Mechanical Property
Value
Unit
Tensile Strength
450
MPa (minimum, ASTM A276 Table 2)
Yield Strength 0.2% Proof
275
MPa (minimum)
Elongation in 50 mm, hot-finished
20
% (minimum)
Elongation in 50 mm, cold-finished
16
% (minimum)
Reduction of Area
45
% (minimum)
Hardness
219
HBW (maximum, ASTM A276 Table 2)
Modulus of Elasticity
200
GPa (typical)
Mechanical Properties
Check the key mechanical properties and performance requirements of SS 446 Round Bar
The figures in the table are ASTM A276 / A276M requirements for annealed Type 446 bar. All are minima except hardness, which is a ceiling. Testing follows ASTM A370, using a specimen cut from the finished bar in its delivered condition.
Annealed 446 gives moderate strength with limited ductility by austenitic standards: 20% minimum elongation for hot-finished bar, dropping to 16% cold-finished, against the 40% ASTM A276 requires of hot-finished 304 or 316. Room-temperature impact toughness is low, and in heavier sections the ductile-to-brittle transition sits above ambient. ASTM A276 sets no Charpy requirement for the grade, and it is not a candidate for low-temperature or shock-loaded duty.
A fully ferritic structure rules out quench-and-temper hardening. Cold drawing is the only route to higher strength, and it trades away elongation. A subsequent anneal removes the effect entirely.
Strength falls steadily above about 600 C, so anything designed for hot service is governed by creep and scaling behaviour rather than by the room-temperature tensile numbers. Long exposure near 475 C, or anywhere in the 600-900 C sigma range, leaves the material badly embrittled, and that has to be settled before the operating temperature is fixed.
Dimension / Sizes for Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar
Dimension / Size
Value
Unit
Diameter
6 - 300
mm
Standard Length
3 - 6 (random / mill lengths)
m
Custom Length
Cut to length available on request
-
Diameter Tolerance
Per ASTM A484 / A484M, varies with size and finish class
-
Length Tolerance
Per ASTM A484 / A484M or as agreed at order
-
Straightness Tolerance
Per ASTM A484 / A484M or as agreed at order
-
End Condition
Square cut, chamfered, or as ordered
-
Surface Finish
Hot-rolled and annealed, pickled, cold-drawn, peeled, turned, centreless ground
-
Available Size Range
6 - 300, larger diameters by forging on enquiry
mm
Cut-to-Length Availability
Available
-
Dimensional Standard
ASTM A484 / A484M
-
Dimensions & Sizes
Explore available diameters, lengths, and dimensional requirements for SS 446 Round Bar
Pricing for Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar
Round Bar Prices are generally quoted per kilograms or meters tonnes and can fluctuate with the global raw material and market prices. The final price will depend on a variety of factors, including the grade size, diameter, length, surface finish, the quantity and whether the bars are cut to length or in standard lengths.
For smaller quantities, we can also quote per metre or per piece basis once the required dimensions have been confirmed. Container-loads or orders that are larger in size are typically priced per tonne, based upon the specifications required and the supply conditions.
Please provide your desired dimensions, grades, length number, and end for a current quote including the lead time applicable and details for certification.
Pricing
Get current Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar pricing based on size, quantity, grade, finish, and delivery requirements.
Why Choose Us
Euro Steel Bars is an international distributor, stockist and exporter of stainless round steel bars that cover carbon, stainless alloy, special grades. We stock a variety of sizes and grades. We guarantee every order with mill test certificates as well as full quality-assurance documentation. Our name speaks to our roots: European-sourced materials that is backed by the certificates and rigor that buyers from Asia as well as the Gulf and Africa are looking for.
Each bar we deliver is accompanied by EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificates as well as complete documentation of quality, so what you receive corresponds to what’s written in the documents. We carry a selection of sizes and grades ready for transport, and cut length upon the request of customers, which results in quicker lead times, whether you’re ordering just a one-off spec or a complete project tonnage.
We operate an actual wholesale business that is that is supported with an internationally-operated supply chain therefore we are able to serve fabricators sourcing one grade the same way in the same way as an EPC contractor who is placing a large order. Our clients include manufacturers, fabricators EPC construction companies, engineers oil and gas projects as well as construction companies. we design our inventory as well as documentation to show what buyers need to bring projects forward.
Our customers trust us across Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, Jordan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Turkey, Italy and South Africa. If you’re looking to source an Gulf energy project, or a construction project within Southeast Asia, you get the same quality of certified material, the exact documentation, and the exact delivery procedure.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar?
What standard does Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar comply with?
What are the equivalent grades of Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar?
What sizes and lengths are available?
What are the key mechanical properties of Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar?
Can Stainless Steel 446 be hardened by heat treatment?
Where is Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar commonly used?
Can Stainless Steel 446 Round Bar be welded?
Request A Quote
Need a specific grade, size or quantity? Get pricing and availability for your requirement.